The perfect site for astronomical interferometry would be one where the wind speeds throughout the atmosphere were very low, there was little atmospheric turbulence (especially at high altitudes), the seismic activity was negligible and the climate very stable. Perhaps surprisingly, these conditions describe the Antarctic plateau perfectly. At Dome C, for example, the average wind speed at grou...

We investigate the possibility that sufficiently large electric fields and/or ionization during geomagnetic disturbed conditions may invalidate the assumptions applied in the retrieval of neutral horizontal winds from meteor and/ or lidar measurements. As per our knowledge, the possible errors in the wind estimation have never been reported. In the present case study, we have been using co-loca...

A series of fatal commercial aviation accidents starting in the 1970s led to the identification of thunderstorm-related wind shear as a critical hazard to aircraft takeoffs and landings. In aggregate, these accidents resulted in over 400 fatalities and pressured the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to develop effective warning technologies. In response, the aviation community invested in a...

Extratropical cyclones and how they may change in a warmer climate have been investigated in detail with a high-resolution version of the ECHAM5 global climate model. A spectral resolution of T213 (63 km) is used for two 32-yr periods at the end of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries and integrated for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) A1B scenario. Extremes of pressure,...

We present the first non-LTE atmosphere models for WR stars that incorporate a self-consistent solution of the hydrodynamic equations. The models account for iron-group line-blanketing and clumping, and compute the hydrodynamic structure of a radiatively driven wind consistently with the non-LTE radiation transport in the co-moving frame. We construct a self-consistent wind model that reproduce...

The early time interaction of an artificially injected lithium cloud with the solar wind is simulated with a one-dimensional hybrid code. Simulation results indicate that the lithium cloud presents an obstacle to the solar wind flow, forming a shock-like interaction region. Several notable features are found: (1) The magnetic field is enhanced up to a factor of about 6, followed by a magnetic c...

The construction, operation, and removal of offshore wind power facilities have the potential to increase the levels of noise in the surrounding waters. Increased shipping noise can be associated with all phases of the life cycle of wind farms. Pile driving during platform construction can be short-lived but can introduce very high intensity pulses into the ocean. Operational noise, while at a ...

Abstr-act. Within the northern Great Lakes region, mesoscale (10s to 100s of km2) forest patterning is driven by disturbance dynamics. Using original Public Land Survey (PLS) records in northern Wisconsin, USA, we study spatial patterns of wind and fire disturbances during the pre-Euroamerican settlement period (ca. 1850). Our goals were: (1) to determine how effectively wind and fire disturban...