Using atomic-scale molecular dynamics simulations, we consider the intrinsic cell membrane potential that is found to originate from a subtle interplay between lipid transmembrane asymmetry and the asymmetric distribution of monovalent salt ions on the two sides of the cell membrane. It turns out that both the asymmetric distribution of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE)...

Ceramic membranes are considered as alternatives for their polymeric counterparts due to highmechanical strength and thermal resistance; thus long lifetime. Usually, asymmetric ceramicmembranes are synthesized including several layers with different pore size distributionswith the top-layer playing the main separation role. Titania has several properties such asphotocatalytic activity and chemi...

Polysulfone/carbon nanotubes (PSF/CNTs) nanocomposite membrane was prepared via phase inversion induced by immersion precipitation technique. In addition, the surface of the CNTs were functionalized by polar carboxylic and amine groups to improve the interaction between the CNTs and the polymer matrix. For this purpose, the neat CNTs were chemically treated using sulfuric acid/ nitric acid (H2S...

In this study, the applicability of nanofiltration (NF) membranes as a pretreatment prior to reverse osmosis (RO) in seawater desalination was investigated. The membranes used wereNF270 and NF90 as the NF membranes, while the brackish water (BW) RO membrane BW30 was used as the RO membrane. In desalination tests, permeates of the NF membraneswere collected and used as the feed to th...

agents in a controlled pattern for a prolonged period of time is a well-established fact. The concept of osmotic drug delivery was first introduced by Theeuwes (1). The simplest design of an osmotic drug delivery system consists of an osmotically active core surrounded by a semipermeable membrane, with one or more delivery orifices through which the drug is delivered in a controlled fashion. Va...

asymmetrically mixed matrix matrimid-mil-53 membranes with silicone cover layer were fabricated. for better understanding of membrane fabrication process, three main parameters of fabrication, matrimid concentration, silicone concentration and weight percentage of metal organic framework (mil-53) particles, were optimized by an experimental design method. cross-section sem images were used to s...

Together with the supply of energy and the environmental protection, fresh water is one of the three keys elements for the sustainable development of every society. Where the availability of water cannot be carried out by using conventional sources, unavoidable appears the resort of the major water source: the sea. Today, RO is one the most used membrane processes for the production of fresh wa...

Broomcorn seed (Sorghum vulgare) was used as raw material for bioethanol production. Optimum conditions were obtained from response surface method. Broomcorn seed flour (45 g/l) was treated by alkaline treatment and dual enzymatic hydrolysis (0.7 g/l of α- amylase and 0.42 g/l of amyloglucosidase). The hydrolyzed total sugar of 25.5 g/L was used in conventional bioethanol production (8.1 g/l) u...