This paper introduces balanced switching schemes to compensate linear and quadratic gradient errors, in the unary current source array of a current-steering digital-to-analog converter (DAC). A novel algorithm is proposed to avoid the accumulation of gradient errors, yielding much less integral nonlinearities (INLs) than conventional switching schemes. Switching scheme examples with different n...

Background: A theoretical study was performed of mode II delamination in a multilayered functionally graded beam configuration with considering the material non-linearity. Methods: The fracture was analysed by the J-integral approach. Two laws (quadratic and exponential) for variation of the modulus of elasticity along the beam height were applied. The J-integral closed form non-linear analytic...

The performances of two full differential operational amplifiers (Op-Amps) telescopic and foldedcascode are evaluated to satisfy the stringent requirements on the amplifier to be used in a Multiplying Digitalto-Analog Converter (MDAC) stage of a pipelined ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter). The paper shows the solutions found to reach high gain, wide bandwidth and short settling time without deg...

Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) and Proportional-Integral (PI) controllers are applied into the power system to examine the controller performance. Therefore, this work describes the application of an Artificial Intelligence (AI) optimization technique to design Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller for Load Frequency Control (LFC) of single area re-heat thermal power system....

In this paper a new approach to the measurement and compensation of the soft components of the integral nonlinearity (INL) of the ADC in the time domain is presented, using both sine and triangular waves. Connection will be established between the user oriented nonlinear description based on memoryless nonlinear models using orthogonal polynomial series and the manufacturer oriented specificati...

Abstract A 33.6 ps LSB Time-to-Digital converter was designed in 130 nm BiCMOS technology. The core of the is a differential 9-stage ring oscillator, based on multi-path architecture. novel version this design proposed, along with an analytical model linearity. allowed us to understand source performance superiority (in terms linearity) our and predict further improvements. oscillator integrate...

Delamination fracture of a two-dimensional functionally graded multilayered four-point bending beam that exhibits non-linear behaviour of the material is analyzed. The fracture is studied analytically in terms of the strain energy release rate. The beam under consideration has an arbitrary number of layers. Each layer has individual thickness and material properties. A delamination crack is loc...

The integral nonlinearity (INL) is used for the post-correction of analog-digital converters (ADCs). An inputfrequency-dependent INL-model is developed for the postcorrection. The model consists of a static term that is dependent on the ADC output code and a dynamic term that has an additional dependence on the input frequency. The concept of ADC digital output post-correction by INL is first i...

This study proposes a front-end readout circuit as an encoder chip for magneto-resistance (MR) linear scales. A typical MR sensor consists of two major parts: one is its base structure, also called the magnetic scale, which is embedded with multiple grid MR electrodes, while another is an "MR reader" stage with magnets inside and moving on the rails of the base. As the stage is in motion, the m...