We perform numerical simulations of the atmosphere, sea ice and upper ocean to examine possible effects of diminishing incoming solar radiation, insolation, on the climate system. We simulate both global and Arctic climate engineering in idealized scenarios in which insolation is diminished above the top of the atmosphere. We consider the Arctic scenarios because climate change is manifesting m...

Purpose Renewable energy components such as Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) often influence the aesthetic quality of a building adversely and hence need to be analyzed for their impact on building form and aesthetics. This becomes crucial especially in the case of a sun-tracking photovoltaic system. Moreover, there is a need to propose a reasonably accurate but quick system to estimate ...

[1] The initiation of northern hemisphere ice sheets in the last 800 kyr appears to be closely controlled by minima in summer insolation forcing at 65 N. Beginning from an initial typical interglacial pCO2 of 280 ppm, the CLIMBER-2 model initiates an ice sheet in the Northern Hemisphere when insolation drops 0.7 s (standard deviation) or 15 W/m below the mean. This same value is required to exp...

This paper presents a new model for the computation of the insolation in large territories. The main novelty of this work consists in that it reduces significatively the number of necessary arithmetic operations, and simplifies the calculations introducing errors that are inferior to the ones imposed by the climate in a territory. In particular, a faster algorithm to compute the horizon at all ...

We present data on the O2/N2 ratios of trapped gas samples for the entire length of the Vostok climate record. As in other cores, O2/N2 ratios in these samples are less than the atmospheric ratio, by a small and variable amount, because O2 is selectively excluded during the gas trapping process, and because O2 is also preferentially lost in poorly preserved core samples. Samples younger than 15...

The warmest millennia of at least the past 250,000 years occurred during the Last Interglaciation, when global ice volumes were similar to or smaller than today and systematic variations in Earth’s orbital parameters aligned to produce a strong positive summer insolation anomaly throughout the Northern Hemisphere. The average insolation during the key summer months (M, J, J) was ca 11% above pr...