The paper describes three of the Wageningen Evaluating Programmes for Analytical Laboratories (WEPAL). These include the analyses of numerous compounds and elements and different parameters such as inorganic chemical composition, organic matter, polycyclic hydrocarbons (PAH), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), organochlorine pesticides, some herbicides, heavy metals, particle size, and so on in s...

Meyers, P.A., 1992. Changes in organic carbon stable isotope ratios across the K/T boundary: global or local control? In: S.A. Macko and M.H. Engel (Guest-Editors), Isotope Fractionations in Organic Matter: Biosynthetic and Diagenetic Processes. Chem. Geol. (Isot. Geosci. Sect. ), l 01: 283-29 I. A global shift in carbonate carbon j~3C-values from heavier values in the Maastrichtian to lighter ...

Heterotrophic microbial decomposers, such as bacteria and fungi, immobilize or mineralize inorganic elements, depending on their elemental composition and that of their organic resource. This fact has major implications for their interactions with other consumers of inorganic elements. We combine the stoichiometric and resource-ratio approaches in a model describing the use by decomposers of an...

Composite materials with unique architectures are ubiquitous in nature, e.g., marine shells, sponge spicules, bones, and dentine. These structured organic-inorganic systems are generated through self-assembly of organic matter (usually proteins or lipids) into scaffolds, onto which the inorganic component is deposited in organized hierarchical structures of sizes spanning several orders of magn...

It is well-documented that organic compounds form strong complexes with most metals in aquatic systems, and that seawater is a complex medium which contains a large variety of organic and inorganic ligands, including colloidal matter. We suggest that most trace metals are complexed in seawater and that some inorganic metals complexes are either labile or not stable. In contrast, metal-organic c...

A study was conducted to measure the biogeochemical characteristics of freshwater plumes underlying Baltic Sea land-fast ice, and the overlying sea ice. A 40-km long transect was conducted in the northern Baltic Sea in March 2003, following a freshwater plume from its source into the fully mixed open-sea area. The spreading of river outflow below the ice resulted in a well-stratified low-salini...

Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) availability, in addition to other macroand micronutrients, determine the strength of the ocean’s carbon (C) uptake, and variation in the N : P ratio of inorganic nutrient pools is key to phytoplankton growth. A similarity between C : N : P ratios in the plankton biomass and deep-water nutrients was observed by Alfred C. Redfield around 80 years ago and suggested...

the state of works of art exhibited inside museums can be strongly influenced by indoor air quality, due to chemical activity of gaseous pollutants and particulate matter. for that reason it is important to carry out periodic air quality controls to check if the concentration levels of air pollutants comply with the limits specified by the national laws. in this work we show results obtained i...

This work investigates the transformation, release and fate of inorganic matter during fluidised bed gasification poultry litter also mixed with limestone as an additive. The litter, cyclone ash were characterised by means chemical fractionation analysis, well X-ray diffraction. Concurrently, species feedstock was measured in separate laboratory experiments using molecular beam mass spectrometr...