1. OPEN INNOVATION Open innovation was defined by Henry Ches-broug, a professor at Harvard Business School, in 2003. He believes that in an open innovation model, companies should use internal and external strength to develop new products and to commercialize them (Chesbrough, 2005). Figure 1 shows the open innovation model. In the closed innovation model, the steps from new products developmen...

This paper examines the implications for research into the diffusion of innovations (DOI) arising from a growing body of literature in two related fields. The first area concerns the debate on the role of regional and national systems of innovation (NSI) in the innovation process. The second area deals with the argument that enterprises must move from a “closed innovation” to an “open innovatio...

This study examined and organised comments made by teachers participating in a variety of learning communities in order to sort a list of recommendations for future development of webbased teachers’ training taking into consideration possible trajectories of web powerful technological innovations. The comments are organised under a theoretical framework of professional scaffolding.

In recent years the trend towards service business is progressing rapidly throughout the world economics. Responding to the demands for service innovation and service productivity improvement, service science is emerging as a new research field that applies multi-disciplinary studies to service systems. In this paper we propose using control theory as a means to design service management soluti...

In the service economy, scholars and practitioners are even more focused on the development and appliance of innovative services. The importance of service innovation is rising in many sectors and among different organizations. Several disciplines (e.g., marketing, management, operations research, etc.) deal with this innovation, a concept widely used, but with different definitions. In this pa...

Universities and public research institutions (PROs) are increasingly required to address strategic needs defined by industrial sectors both from the education and research standpoint and contribute more intensively to the absorption of advanced technologies. Many countries rely on the reform of traditional structures of universities and PROs by creating specific centers of excellence to ensure...

In open innovation a firm’s R&D crosses not only internal boundaries but disciplines. It is an interactive process of knowledge generation and transfer between internal and external firms. However, the search for an external partner can be time consuming and costly. Open innovation marketplaces broker relationships between seekers and solvers of challenges. Seekers have a problem which they nee...