Many papers dealing with the surface analysis of plasma polymers or plasma-modified report use X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to quantify composition. However, most time, quantification is performed using software that includes an equation based on assumption sample homogeneous in for plasma-treated samples, this often not case. The usual XPS spectra does allow exact case inhomogeneous ...

New unstable temperature gradient driven modes in an inhomogeneous tokamak plasma are identified. These modes represent temperature gradient (ion and electron) driven modes destabilized in the short wavelength regions with k( perpendicular )rho(i,e)>>1, respectively. The instability occurs due to a specific plasma response that significantly deviates from Boltzmann distribution in the regions k...

Ion Cyclotron Range of Frequency (ICRF) wave propagation in an inhomogeneous axial magnetic field in a cylindrical plasma-vacuum system has historically been inadequately modelled. Previous works either sacrifice the cylindrical geometry in favor of a simpler slab geometry [1], concentrate on the resonance region (mode conversion)[21, use a single mode to represent the entire field structuref3]...