Recent studies have estimated the prevalence of depression during pregnancy to be between 10% and 30%, which is higher than that in the postpartum period. Pharmacological treatment during pregnancy is difficult because of the possible side effects of antidepressants on the mother and the fetus. The aim of this study was to examine whether a supervised exercise program (EP) reduces depressive sy...

Schaller, Susanne: The Democratic Legitimacy of Private Governance. An Analysis of the Ethical Trading Initiative. Duisburg: Institute for Development and Peace, University of Duisburg‐Essen (INEF Report, 91/2007). Private actors increasingly influence global governance and generate transnational rules and regulations. By creating soft law, they adopt governance tasks t...

Shordy following release of the To Err is Human report exposing serious threats to patient safety, the Institute of Medicine (10M) released a second report, Crossing the Quality Chasm,' which revealed other problems in our health care system. Not only was rhe health care system shown to be zmm!e, with needless numbers of patient deaths and injuries, it was found to be inef jective, with an over...

. â€M̃etastatic' †̃ brain tumors were produced in female Wistan rats by intracarotid inoculation of Walker 256 carcinoma cells and subsequent treatment with small doses of cycbophospha mide (CTX) which eradicated extnacnanial tumors, giving time for intracranial tumors to grow. Seven drugs currently in use for brain tumor chemotherapy were tested using this model. After toxicity for each drug w...

When bidders in an auction collude—and, thus, reduce competitive bidding pressure—the resulting cartel is known as a “bidding ring.” A ring can take many forms. An extensive theoretical literature exists that explores optimal ways to organize ring activity, given the form of target auction that the ring is seeking to exploit (see, for example, Daniel Graham and Robert Marshall 1987; R. Preston ...

may be a phenotypic change essential for carcinogenesis in mouse skin. A single, topical application of croton oil or its active component , 12-O-tetracanoyl-phonbol-1 3-acetate (TPA), me suIts in a rapid and substantial increase in mouse epidermal omnithine decarboxylase activity. At 5 hr after TPA applica tion, this enzyme activity, which is the first and rate-limiting step in polyamine biosy...

We propose the study of query languages for databases involving real numbers as data (called semi-algebraic databases in the sequel). As main new aspect our approach is based on real number complexity theory as introduced in 8] and descriptive complexity for the latter developed in 17]. Using this formal framework a uniform treatment of semi-algebraic query languages is obtained. Precise result...

IntroductIon Educational technology provides many examples of how efficient software development and deployment is not enough. Teachers work in a complex and dynamic context in which measurable objectives and underlying values collide on a daily basis. Traditionally, teachers work in isolation from their peers; individual teachers have well-established personal practices and philosophies of edu...

This paper investigates a class of matching problems—the assignment of indivisible items to agents where some agents have prior claims to some of the items. As a running example, we will refer to the indivisible items as houses. House allocation problems are not only of theoretical interest, but also of practical importance. A house allocation mechanism assigns a set of houses (or ofŽ ces, task...

Consensus trees are used in phylogenetics as summaries or representations of sets of source trees. Here we ask ‘How good are consensus trees?’ in the sense of how well do individual consensus trees represent the set of source trees for which they stand? There are many different consensus methods and various contexts in which they may be used (Swofford, 1991; Wilkinson, 1994; Leclerc, 1998). Con...