We provide an extensive and general investigation of the effects on industry performance (profits and social welfare) of exogenously changing the number of firms in a Cournot framework. This amounts to an in-depth exploration of the well-known trade-off between competition and production efficiency. We establish that under scale economies, welfare is maximized by a finite number of firms. Our r...

Rising research and development (R&D) expenditures by pharmaceutical companies are, in part, a consequence of changing industry structure, particularly the rise of the biotechnology sector. The creation of a market for biomedical science and increased vertical competition within the industry are likely to spur innovation and raise productivity, but they also could induce socially wasteful spend...

This paper uses a comprehensive survey of the entire U.S. trucking fleet to investigate patterns in the terms of trade between carriers and shippers during 1987 and 1992. Analysis of the 1992 data suggests that internal procurement and longterm contracts are used to alleviate hold-up problems associated with the use of specific trailers. The relationships between governance structure and measur...

We provide an extensive and general investigation of the e¤ects on industry performance – pro…ts, social welfare and price-cost margins –of exogenously changing the number of …rms in Cournot markets. This includes an in-depth exploration of the well-known trade-o¤ between competition and production e¢ ciency. Most conventional beliefs actually require some quali…cations to be valid. Under scale...

We study the structure of inter-industry relationships using networks of money flows between industries in 20 national economies. We find these networks vary around a typical structure characterized by a Weibull link weight distribution, exponential industry size distribution, and a common community structure. The community structure is hierarchical, with the top level of the hierarchy comprisi...

In this paper we deal with the capital structure problem in the pharmaceutical industry that has recently changed its business model because of the biotechnology advent. We propose a set of hypotheses that explains the drivers of capital structure decision in this industry and then we test their validity over a sample of 50 biopharmaceutical firms. The obtained results show that pecking order t...

The paper analyzes a structure of the energy industry in Siberia (the Siberian Federal District) though its comparison with Russian and world ones. We show how economic efficiency of large energy producers could change if we allowed for all the social and ecologic costs. We prove that the development of a nuclear power industry is necessarily advisable to be speed up in the territory of Siberia...

The Internet industry is generally considered to be vertically structured with the Internet Backbone Provider (IBPlong distance service carrier) in the upstream and Internet Service Providers (ISP) in the downstream. Although there are many ISPs and IBPs in each stream, both markets are considered independent oligopolies in that there are a few dominant providers for both ISPs and IBPs. The mar...

The aim of this paper is to identify the industrial markets coordinates with the help of Herfindahl–Hirschman concentration index, cost disadvantage ratio (CDR) index and Comanor and Wilson's economies of scale index (MES). The paper also attempts to recognize Iran's monopolistic industries through the Fuzzy TOPSIS method presented by Chen (2000) under triangular fuzzy membership function. Give...

  Funding combination is the most important issue for the companies while they know the amount of required capital. Companies should be careful regarding the appliance of financial providing methods compatible with the investment strategy of company and profitability. This study seeks to examine the relationship between the capital structure and the profitability of pharmaceutical companies in...