Migration and mobility in social and tribal history is an important factor in the formation of civilizations. Many great civilizations, immigration and the change occurring in space, the arts, culture, life and architecture together with the reflection has occurred. For example, when referring to a synthesis of Hellenic civilization of the East with the West, the synthesis itself displaced peop...

The UK government’s ‘Levelling Up’ agenda represents the latest attempt to address long-standing inter-regional socio-economic disparities in England. This paper assesses how Levelling Up White Paper, published early 2022, frames problem of interregional inequality and potential proposed solutions contained within problem. We argue that as currently framed is likely be too spatially vague achie...

This review essay debates the policy issues raised by the book Retooling for Growth: Building a 21 Century Economy in America’s Older Industrial Areas, edited by Richard M. McGahey and Jennifer S. Vey (Brookings Institution Press, 2008). I argue that the main rationale for adopting policies to revitalize older industrial cities is to improve the per capita earnings of urban residents. Therefore...

Ulsan, South Korea is home to the world’s largest auto production complex and shipyard, and its second biggest petrochemicals combine. Drawing upon Jacobs’ Contextualized Model of Urban-Regional Development, this article shows how Ulsan’s growth path towards becoming one of the world’s Great Industrial Cities was decisively shaped by both global and nested factors. While the weights of the vari...

The internal structure of urban construction land expansion (UCLE) is closely related to urban sustainability, and the UCLE in China’s port city has a unique pattern. This study attempted to monitor the internal structure evolution of UCLE based on construction land transfer data in Ningbo’s central city from 2002 to 2015. Equality fan analysis and kernel density analysis were applied to charac...