To achieve net-zero energy buildings, a complex relationship exists between orientation, spatial composition, building fabric, and thermal and climatic conditions. Airflow conditions are the result of balancing the above relationships and directly affect occupant comfort. The opportunity for architects is that airflow and related energy performance can be organized by spatial composition. Under...

Particle deposits on indoor surfaces can be as complex and diverse as the indoor environments in which they exist. Dust loading can range over several orders of magnitude, suggesting the existence of different types of particle deposits. These deposits can be broadly classified as either a monolayer, in which particles are sparsely deposited on a surface, or a multilayer, in which particles are...

Spaces with high occupancy density like classrooms are challenging to ventilate and require a lot of energy to maintain comfort. Usually, a compromise is made between low energy use and good Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ), of which poor IEQ has consequences for occupants’ health, productivity and comfort. Alternative strategies that incorporate elevated air speeds can reduce cooling energy ...

This paper predicts the reductions in the indoor mass concentrations of particles attainable from use of filters in building supply airstreams and also from use of stand-alone fan-filter units. Filters with a wide efficiency range are considered. Predicted concentration reductions are provided for indoor-generated particles containing dust-mite and cat allergen, for environmental tobacco smoke ...

(COPD) is preventable and treatable. It is characterised by airflow limitation which is not fully reversible and is progressive. The pathophysiological basis is an abnormal inflammatory response by the lung to inhaled noxious particles or gases, particularly cigarette smoke.1 In the developing world exposure to indoor air pollution, such as fumes from biomass fuels for cooking and heating, is a...

Energy Efficiency and Indoor Air Quality in the healthcare applications and particularly in surgical operating theatres are important features in modernized designs. The various reasons for deviation from obtaining optimum IAQ and energy efficient buildings are listed. The air conditioning systems serving the operating rooms require careful design to minimize the concentration of airborne organ...

This article may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution , reselling , loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to da...