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Land use changes by human activities have been the main causes of habitats and wildlife population degradation. In the Tehuantepec Isthmus in Oaxaca, the tropical habitat of the porcupine Sphiggurus mexicanus has been subject to vegetation and land use changes, causing its reduction and fragmentation. In this study, we estimated vegetation cover and land use (δn) change rates and assessed habit...

Activated Wnt signaling is critical in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis, a final common pathway for most forms of chronic kidney disease. Therapeutic intervention by inhibition of individual Wnts or downstream Wnt/β-catenin signaling has been proposed, but these approaches do not interrupt the functions of all Wnts nor block non-canonical Wnt signaling pathways. Alternatively, an orally bioav...

In this study, histological and macroanatomical structures of porcupine penis were examined on 3 adult male porcupines. The non-erectile position of porcupine penis was directed to caudal. There was an obvious collum penis. Glans penis with a black colour was easily distinguished from corpus penis which had a white color. There were cornified papillae covering on both the glans penis and corpus...

The physical growth patterns of crested langurs and vervet monkeys are investigated for several unilinear dimensions. Long bone lengths, trunk height, foot length, epiphyseal fusion of the long bones and the pelvis, and cranial capacity are compared through six dental growth stages in male Trachypithecus cristatus (crested langurs) and Cercopithecus aethiops (vervet monkeys). Results show that ...

Wnt proteins comprise a large class of secreted signaling molecules with key roles during embryonic development and throughout adult life. Recently, much effort has been focused on understanding the factors that regulate Wnt signal production. For example, Porcupine and Wntless/Evi/Sprinter have been identified as being required in Wnt-producing cells for the processing and secretion of many Wn...

Gender agreement elicitation was used with Russian children to examine how diminutives common in Russian child-directed speech affect gender learning. Forty-six children (2;9-4;8) were shown pictures of familiar and of novel animals and asked to describe them after hearing their names, which all contained regular morphophonological cues to masculine or feminine gender. Half were presented as si...

ocean surface: a new characterization of short-crested Stokes waves interacting with a mean ow By T. J. Bridges1, F. Dias2 and D. Menasce2 1Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 5XH, UK 2 Institut Non-Lin eaire de Nice, Universit e de Nice-Sophia Antipolis 1361 route des Lucioles, 06560 Valbonne, France Abstract The formation of multi-periodic pat...

Abstract Spatial and temporal occurrence can mediate behavioural interactions between apex predators, mesocarnivores herbivores. Predators should adapt their activity to that of prey, whereas predator avoidance would be expected influence patterns space use prey smaller competitors. We evaluated interspecific spatiotemporal relationships in a prey-rich community including an (the wolf), three w...