Abstract. Surface incident solar radiation (Rs) plays a key role in climate change on Earth. Rs can be directly measured, and it shows substantial variability decadal scales, i.e. global dimming brightening. also derived from the observed sunshine duration (SunDu) with reliable accuracy. The SunDu-derived has been used as reference to detect adjust inhomogeneity Rs. However, both may have inhom...

Stellar oscillation under the combined influences of incident gravitational wave and radiation loss is studied in a simple toy model. The star is approximated as a uniform density ellipsoid in the Newtonian gravity including radiation damping through quadrupole formula. The time evolution of the oscillation is significantly controlled by the incident wave amplitude h, frequency ν and damping ti...

The United States radiation medical countermeasures (MCM) programme for radiological and nuclear incidents has been focusing on developing mitigators for the acute radiation syndrome (ARS) and delayed effects of acute radiation exposure (DEARE), and biodosimetry technologies to provide radiation dose assessments for guiding treatment. Because a nuclear accident or terrorist incident could poten...

The cytotoxicity of 193 and 248 nm excimer laser radiation was compared to that produced by a germicidal lamp (predominantly 254 nm) using Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO), and a human diploid fibroblast line, AG-1522A. Excimer laser radiation at 248 nm (3.5 X 10(2) w/m2) and germicidal radiation (5.3 X 10(-5) w/m2) caused toxicity in both cell lines, with the AG-1522A cells (D37 = 7-8 J/m2) b...

We present detailed calculations of the temporal and spatial evolution of beam fanning in photorefractive crystals that is initiated by scattering from noise. We show that fanning starts from beam coupling between the incident radiation and part of the incident radiation scattered by noise at or near the input plane. We show that scattering within the volume of the crystal has negligible effect...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Certain degenerative eye conditions occur predominantly nasally, at the limbal region, and are associated with solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) induced damage. The relative contribution to the in vivo ocular flux of (a) the reflection of UVR incident on the skin of the nose onto the nasal limbus, and (b) the focusing of UVR incident on the temporal side of the cornea onto the n...

Electromagnetic radiation incident upon a perfect mirror induces a current density on the surface of the conducting material of the mirror. It is shown that this surface current density can be expressed directly in terms of the source current density, which generates the incident field, without evaluating the electric and magnetic fields first.

Surface plasmon scattering by bidimensional indentations and protrusions is examined, mainly in the optical regime. The width of the defects is fixed, while their height is varied. Both individual defects and arrays of defects are considered. Protrusions mainly reflect the incident plasmons in the optical range. Indentations mainly radiate the incident plasmon out of plane. An indentation produ...

We test Einstein’s theory of the photoelectric effect, which predicts a linear relation between the energy of light incident on a metal surface and the energy of the emitted electrons. We determine the electron stopping voltage as a function of frequency of incident radiation by illuminating a potassium cathode and constraining the wavelength of incident radiation using several optical band-pas...