One of the important challenges in Graphical models is the problem of dealing with the uncertainties in the problem. Among graphical networks, fuzzy cognitive map is only capable of modeling fuzzy uncertainty and the Bayesian network is only capable of modeling probabilistic uncertainty. In many real issues, we are faced with both fuzzy and probabilistic uncertainties. In these cases, the propo...

dimensional situations containing objects (Figure 1). Situations can be interpreted with respect to objects contained and spatial relationships holding between these objects. The differences between situations imply one or more actions capable of transforming one situation into another. Figure 1 depicts a rewrite rule containing cars, traffic lights, and roads. One possible interpretation for t...

Visual rule-based languages have been used quite successfully to program graphical simulations. They all use rewrite rules, which have the often-mentioned advantage that a program can supposedly be extended simply by adding a few more rules. In practice however, the rules tend to depend on each other, and instead of just adding rules, existing rules need to be changed. Visual constraint rules c...

Capturing and exploiting knowledge is at the heart of several important problems such as decision making, the semantic web, and intelligent agents. The captured knowledge must be accessible to subject matter experts so that the knowledge can be easily extended, queried, and debugged. In our previous work to meet this objective, we created a knowledgeauthoring system based on graphical assembly ...

in this paper, the magnetohydrodynamic (mhd) boundary layer flow over a nonlinear porous stretching sheet is investigated by employing the homotopy perturbation transform method (hptm) and the pade´ approximation. the numerical solution of the governing non-linear problem is developed. comparison of the present solution is made with the existing solution and excellent agreement is noted. graphi...

Res judicata is a matter of public policy and right during any litigation. The doctrine discussed in the Code Civil Procedure 1908 (CPC 1908) with an exhaustive instance applicability inapplicability Section 11. However, explanation given 11 appears in-exhaustive considering broader spectrum cases scenarios. This manuscript consolidates instances that complement section to formulate ever-exhaus...