the society for assisted reproductive technology (sart) method of embryo grading is unique, simple, and widely practiced, and its use has been mandatory for sart membership programs since 2010. developed by sart in 2006, the current embryo grading system categories, “good, fair, and poor,” are limited because they do not describe the best 1-2 embryos in the interest of keeping pace with the shi...

Implantation support medium transfer (ISME-T) is referred as cultivation and transfer of embryos using advanced enriched medium that all nutrients and energy sources needed for an optimal embryo development. They may serve as cultivation as well as transferring medium. Enriched cultivation medium reduces the embryo stress through in vitro fertilization (IVF) process by providing a more physiolo...

background: smoking has negative effects on reproductive process. exposing to cigarette smoking (passive smoking) may exert some effects as the direct smoking. objective: the aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between ovarian response and passive smoking in women who underwent art cycles. materials and methods: one hundred-sixty patients who underwent icsi between 2000 and 2001 w...

BACKGROUND Emotional reactions of couples were investigated during in vitro fertilization (IVF) at a private clinic in Sweden. The purpose was to compare such reactions between couples who obtained supernumerary embryos that could be cryopreserved and couples without such embryos. METHODS Forty women and men undergoing IVF treatment monitored individually their emotional reactions daily for o...

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether hypnosis during ET contributes to successful IVF/ET outcome. DESIGN Case-control clinical study. SETTING Academic Fertility and IVF Unit, Soroka Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel. PATIENT(S) Infertile couples undergoing IVF. INTERVENTION(S) Ninety-eight IVF/ET cycles with hypnosis during the ET procedure were matched with 96 regular IVF/ET cycles. MAI...

Implantation is arguably the most critical stage in the establishment of pregnancy. In humans, it has been estimated that between 30% and 70% of conceptuses are lost before or at the time of implantation, without women being aware that they were pregnant. Of these losses, half are probably a consequence of genetic defects in the conceptus. The etiology of the remaining losses is unknown. In hum...

This study assessed the feasibility of using LeY glycan secretion level in human embryos as a method of judging embryo quality. Embryo culture media from patients receiving in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer was collected, and quality scores of embryos were recorded. Secretions of LeY in the culture media in different development stages (from 4-cell to 10-cell), embryos in the same developm...

There is a long-held credo, as illustrated in Langman's Medical Embryology (11th ed., Sadler, 2010), that dichorionic diamniotic (DD) twins develop after embryo splitting in the early stages of embryonic development. However, from our clinical experiences of the examination of data from single-embryo transfers in 16 fertility clinics in Japan and from various reports, the majority of occurrence...

Successful in vitro fertilization (IVF) in mice has been achieved using spermatozoa at concentrations specifically optimized for the experimental conditions, such as species and source of spermatozoa. Although IVF in mice is mostly performed using about 80-500 µl drops, it is expected that the number of spermatozoa used for insemination can be reduced by decreasing the size of the IVF drops. Th...

Aim This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of vaginal progesterone gel that was administered daily for luteal phase support as part of in vitro fertilization/embryo transfer (IVF/ET) cycles in Japanese women. Methods This was a phase III, multicenter, open-label, single-arm trial in Japanese women undergoing IVF/ET, using the Japanese Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2009 registry a...