the effects of various routes of probiotic administration on performance, small intestine morphology and serum cholesterol of broiler chickens, were studied. we assigned 225 day old chicks (ross 308) to five experimental groups including control and four hatchery administration methods comprised of in ovo injection, oral gavage, spray application and cloacal inoculation. all of these were chall...

In order to investigate the effect of in ovo injection of different levels of royal jelly on the hatchability rate and the quality of one-day-old broiler chickens (Ross 308) and some traits of the immune system, we have conducted an experiment using 640 eggs in a completely randomized design with four levels of royal jelly injection including 1) 1 mL of physiological serum (control), 2...

Change in sex ratios for broiler chickens, has many economic benefits of the poultry industry. The gonads in chick embryo at an early stage have the potential to convert to both sexes (male and female). Sexual differentiation is due to aromatase expression in the left gonad in 5-6 days of the embryonic period and the production of estrogen from testosterone. Administration of aromatase inhibito...

INTRODUCTIONIn ovo RNA interference (RNAi) is a method for silencing a gene of interest using a combination of in ovo injection and electroporation in avian embryos. Here we describe gene silencing in the developing spinal cord, but the procedure can easily be adapted to other parts of the nervous system. Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) derived from the gene of interest is injected into the develop...

Non-invasive assessment of the biodistribution is of great importance during the development of new pharmaceutical compounds. In this contribution, the applicability of in ovo MRI for monitoring the biodistribution of MR contrast agent-labelled compounds was investigated in mamaria carcinomas xentotransplanted on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) exemplarily for Gd-DOTA and cHSA-PEO (2000)16-G...

introduction: many birds do not have access to feed until 48 h after hatching (27). in ovo injection technology is a practical means for safe introduction of nutrients into developing embryos, including amino acids, carbohydrates, vitamins, l-carnitine, and hormones which may benefit post-hatch growth and bw gain (19, 36). the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of in ovo inject...

The aim of this experiment was to study the effect of in ovoinjection of royal jelly (RJ) on growth performance and immune response in broiler chickens challenged with Newcastle disease virus. A total of 200 hatching eggs were divided into four groups of 50 eggs each one using a completely randomized design. The eggs were injected with sterilized sodium bicarbonate buffer (pH=10.4) or RJ (88%) ...

The In-Ovo vaccination was first proved to be efficient for Marek’s vaccine by experiments performed by Sharma and Burmester in 1982. These authors demonstrated that chicks vaccinated In-Ovo at 18 days of embryo development against Marek’s Disease had better protection against virulent MD challenge carried out at 3 days of age as compared to those chicks vaccinated at hatch. At seven days of ag...