the present thesis is a study of postmodern historical novel with respect to the voice of women. according to postmodern historiography,the established institution of history is one of the other manifestations of patriarchys power which has silenced women. the study analyzes angela carters nights at the circus as a postmodern historical novel which makes its female characters transgress the pat...

Forgiving is a noble virtue which has been cherished by moral schools. With this virtue in life one can be benefited from the worldly bounties and have psychological and physical health and included among the pious and in the otherworld be intermediated by the Prophet (peace is upon him). Citizenship rights both refers to the totality of the rights and freedoms that are guaranteed by the govern...

Cultural deviations and religious heresies during Umayyad period had increased the necessity of revising Islamic culture, especially the culture of Shi’ism. The most appropriate cultural, social, and political conditions were specific to the era of Imam Baqir and Imam Sadiq, referred to as Imamain Sadiqain, that provided an appropriate opportunity for cultural activities. Imam Sadiq utilized th...

According to Quran Karim verses and  hadiths, Shia jurisprudence necessitates paying Khoums. Since Khoums belong to surplus of earning, as a result  that should be considered in economic calculation of projects. Since this topic has been neglected in common economic evaluation of projects, this paper has addressed effect of considering Khoums in prioritize investment calculations in p...

Some Islamic opposition groups with the monotheistic appearance Committed inhuman crimes and know others ethnic.While in fact they are in practice infidels, despite their claim to be Muslims. they excommunicate deliberately and wisely and kill other people who are not like-minded.so it is obligatory on all Muslims to stand against such thinking, because they have been introduced Islam as a reli...