A survey was conducted to identify socioeconomic conditions and attitudes towards household prevention of American cutaneous leishmaniasis in Corte de Pedra, located in the county of Tancredo Neves, an endemic region in southern Bahia, Brazil. A questionnaire was applied in July 1997, focusing on social and economic variables, habits, and attitudes towards prevention of arthropod bites. All fam...

OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness of impregnated mosquito nets, indoor residual spraying and larval control relative to the impacts of climate variability in the decline of malaria cases in Eritrea. METHODS Monthly data on clinical malaria cases by subzoba (district) in three zobas (zones) of Eritrea for 1998-2003 were used in Poisson regression models to determine whether there is statis...

Smoke from burning different kinds of vegetation or wood is often used as a cheap personal protection measure against mosquitos during the evening. To test the efficacy of smoke, a comparative field trial was conducted in the Wosera District, Papua New Guinea. Repellency of smoke from burning wild mango wood (Mangifera spp), leaves from betelnut (Areca catechu), wild ginger (Alpinia spp) and co...

INTRODUCTION Malaria is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among displaced populations in tropical zones. Bed nets are widely used to prevent malaria; however, few data are available on bed net distribution within displaced populations. METHODS Mixed methods study in a single internally displaced persons (IDP) camp and neighboring community in Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (D...

The aim of the present study was to examine the resistance of PermaNet® 2.0 bed nets against repeated washing and environmental factors by using bioassay tests. After 5, 15 and 21 washings with detergents and by using bioassay tests, the resistance of 40 PermaNet® 2.0 bed nets was compared with that of 40 bed nets conventionally treated with one K-O tablet. To examine the long-term resistance, ...

background: malaria is the most important vector-borne disease in many tropical countries all over the world. because of the widespread use of pyrethroid insecticide treated mosquito nets in the world, the effects of excito-repellency (er) phenomenon of pyrethroids against main malaria vector, anopheles stephensi were studied. methods: the er phenomenon of three concentrations of two synthetic ...

BACKGROUND The cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) has been occurred in Dehbakri County, located 46 km of Bam District, Kerman Province since 2004-2005. Phlebotomus papatasi is an important vector of zoonotic cutaneous leishmanisis (ZCL) as well as sand fly fever and P. sergenti is considered as main vector of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) in Iran. There are several measures for vector c...

Background. This study evaluated dose-response, persistence, irritancy and wash resistance of mosquito nets treated with a synergized natural pyrethrins-formulation against Anopheles gambiae s.s. Methods. Multi-filament polyester netting was impregnated to deposit doses of pyrethrins equivalent to 75 mg/m2, 100 mg/m2, 250 mg/m2, 500 mg/m2, and 1000 mg/m2. Dose-response, persistence, and wash re...