The immune system works in coordination with other structures the body to prevent infections from occurring and fight existing infections. plays a role formation regulation of almost every disease therefore has very important place for human health. Researches show that internal external factors can affect immunity be effective protecting against diseases healing process. In this review, nutrit...

Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and inflammasomes are a key part of the anti-viral innate immune system as they detect conserved viral pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). A successful host response to infections critically depend on initial activation PRRs by viruses, mainly DNA RNA. The signalling pathways activated leads expression pro-inflammatory cytokines, recruit cells, t...

patients afflicted by diabetes mellitus (dm) usually have more infections than those without dm. the course of the infections is also more complicated in this group of patients. one of the possible causes of increased infections prevalence is a deficiency in the immunity. besides some decreased cellular responses in vitro, no disturbances in adaptive immunity in diabetic patients have been desc...

Despite significant advances in our understanding of the biology and antigenic structure of Chlamydia trachomatis, and the epidemiology and clinical spectrum of chlamydial disease, the magnitude of morbidity from human chlamydial infections remains an important public health concern. Control of chlamydial disease will likely depend on a multidisciplinary approach, including the development of i...

Wild birds, particularly duck species, are the main reservoir of influenza A virus (IAV) in nature. However, knowledge of IAV infection dynamics in the wild bird reservoir, and the development of immune responses, are essentially absent. Importantly, a detailed understanding of how subtype diversity is generated and maintained is lacking. To address this, 18,679 samples from 7728 Mallard ducks ...

introduction : the decreased level of immunity in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infected patients increases their vulnerability to various opportunistic fungal infections. oral candidiasis has been found to be the most common fungal infection among hiv infected patients. the present study was conducted to evaluate the spectrum of various opportunistic fungal infections and their correlatio...