Motion estimation is usually based on the brightness constancy assumption. This assumption holds well for rigid objects with a Lambertian surface, but it is less appropriate for fluid and gaseous materials. For these materials a variant of this assumption, which we call the brightness conservation assumption should be employed. Under this assumption an object’s brightness can diffuse to its nei...

A segmentation method based on the integration of motion and brightness is proposed for image sequences. The method is composed of two parallel pathways that process motion and brightness, respectively. Inspired by the visual system, the motion pathway has two stages. The first stage estimates local motion at locations with reliable information. The second stage performs segmentation based on l...

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to adversarial examples, which crafted by adding small, human-imperceptible perturbations the original images, but make model output inaccurate predictions. Before DNNs deployed, attacks can thus be an important method evaluate and select robust models in safety-critical applications. However, under challenging black-box setting, attack success rate, i...

Augmentation techniques are crucial for accurately training convolution neural networks (CNNs). Therefore, these have become the preprocessing methods. However, not every augmentation technique can be beneficial, especially those that change image’s underlying structure, such as color techniques. In this study, effect of eight brightness scales was investigated in task classifying a large histo...

Histogram equalization (HE) is a simple and widely used image contrast enhancement technique. The basic disadvantage of HE is it changes the brightness of the image. In order to overcome this drawback, various HE methods have been proposed. These methods preserves the brightness on the output image but, does not have a natural look. In order to overcome this problem the, present paper uses Mult...

In digital image enhancement, contrast enhancement plays an important role. The main objective of contrast enhancement is to correct the local contrast in different area of the image. So that the feature unseen in the dark or bright area is brought out and exposed to the human views. In this paper improve the brightness of the dimmed images and preservation of image feature via multilevel thres...