OBJECTIVE Adults with congenital heart disease (CHD) are at increased risk of infective endocarditis (IE). Women with CHD have a lower IE risk, potentially due to gender-related differences in dental care. We aimed to assess self-reported dental hygiene measures in adults with CHD, and to identify factors associated with good oral hygiene. METHODS AND RESULTS Descriptive study includes 187 ad...

In their Comment (September, 2020), Vimla Kumari and colleagues1 analyse the impact of COVID-19 pandemic in four tertiary teaching hospitals western India. The authors report that, compared with before pandemic, demographics pregnant women delivering facilities has changed (ie, there are more educated nulliparous women), is an increased number in-hospital maternal deaths, late pregnancy fetal l...

OBJECTIVE To determine those groups who are at increased risk of smoking related diseases, we assessed in which male and female generations smoking was more prevalent among lower educated groups than among the higher educated, in 11 European countries. DESIGN Cross sectional analysis of data on smoking, covering the year 1998, from a social survey designed for all member states of the Europea...

Over the last several decades, both delay of childbearing and fertility problems have become increasingly common among women in developed countries. At the same time, technological changes have made many more options available to individuals experiencing fertility problems. However, these technologies are expensive, and only 25% of health insurance plans in the United States cover infertility t...

BACKGROUND Brazil has gone through fast demographic, epidemiologic and nutritional transitions and, despite recent improvements in wealth distribution, continues to present a high level of social and economic inequality. The ELSA-Brasil, a cohort study, aimed at investigating cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, offers a great opportunity to assess cognitive decline in this aging population th...

Objective: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition becoming a worldwide health problem as a result of sedentary life style, obesity and some other risk factors. It is hypothesized that one of the barriers to achieve a proper control in diabetic patients is lack of sufficient knowledge about their disease. In this study we evaluated the knowledge and practice of patients with type 2 diabetes. ...

CONTEXT The prevalence of depression is disproportionately higher in older women than men, yet the reasons for this sex difference are not clear. OBJECTIVE To determine whether the higher burden of depression among older women than men might be attributable to sex differences in the onset (ie, first or recurrent episodes) or persistence of depression and/or to differential mortality among tho...

CONTEXT Many women undergoing cervical cancer screening lack appropriate understanding of the Pap test. It is important to evaluate knowledge and informational needs about Pap testing among groups who may have difficulty accessing care or a relatively low likelihood of obtaining follow-up for an abnormal result, such as minority and low-income women. METHODS A sample of 338 women undergoing c...

Objective This study examines how women's chances of having an unintended birth is related to gender inequalities in education, employment, intra-household decision-making, and norms at individual, household, community levels sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Background Women SSA have the highest rates births world, often with severe implications for health well-being families. A comprehensive understa...