OBJECTIVES Although in tissue injury following hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) an increased endothelial formation of superoxide anions (O(2)(-)) plays an important role, it is still not fully understood which of the potential enzymatic sources of endothelial O(2)(-) are crucially involved. In this study, we particularly examined the activities of NAD(P)H oxidase and xanthine oxidase (XO) after 8 h ...

Astragaloside IV exerts beneficial effects on hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced cardiomyocyte injury. However, the exact mechanisms needs further disclosed. This study was designed to investigate the role of PKCβ/Egr-1 pathway in the protective effect of Astragaloside IV on hypoxia/reoxygenation injury. Exposed under hypoxia/reoxygenation condition, the primary cultured neonatal rat cardiac myocyte...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Thrombolysis is a promising therapy for acute ischemic stroke. However, there is evidence that neutrophils may physically plug cerebral microvessels on reperfusion, preventing the full benefit of thrombolysis. We undertook this study to determine whether there was increased endothelial expression of the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) gene during hypoxia-reoxyg...

Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) plays a critical role in the development of atherosclerosis. Recent studies show that ox-LDL may induce apoptosis of cultured rabbit smooth muscle cells and human macrophages. This study was designed to determine the modulation by ox-LDL of apoptosis in cultured human coronary arterial endothelial cells (HCAEC) during hypoxia-reoxygenation and to determ...

DNA-PK/Gene expression/Hypoxia/Reoxygenation. In order to elucidate the mechanism of concerted expression of various proteins related to DNA-PK activity, we examined the relationship of the expression of these proteins with that of a transcription factor Sp1. We also explored whether the expression of genes related to DNA-PK activity and Sp1 changed after hypoxia and reoxygenation. RT-PCR was e...

After hypoxia, a critical adverse outcome is the inability to create new memories. How anterograde amnesia develops or resolves remains elusive, but a link to brain-based IL-1 is suggested due to the vital role of IL-1 in both learning and brain injury. We examined memory formation in mice exposed to acute hypoxia. After reoxygenation, memory recall recovered faster than memory formation, impac...

BACKGROUND The role of surgical technique on liver regeneration following surgery remains inconclusive. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of ischaemic preconditioning (IPC) and intermittent clamping (IC) on mediators of regeneration produced by human liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs), using an in vitro hypoxia-reoxygenation model to mimic ischaemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). ...

The proliferation, differentiation, and migration of keratinocytes are essential in the early stages of wound healing. Hypoxia-Reoxygenation (H/R) injury to keratinocytes can occur in various stressful environments such as surgery, trauma, and various forms of ulcers. The effects of remifentanil on human keratinocytes under hypoxia-reoxygenation have not been fully studied. Therefore, we invest...

The mechanism of twitch prolongation of hypoxic myocardium after reoxygenation was studied before and after interventions that affect cellular cyclic nucleotide levels, subcellular calcium handling, or oxygen-derived free radical production/survival. Right ventricular ferret papillary muscles were subjected to two 20-minute periods of hypoxia, each followed by 1 hour of reoxygenation. The first...

Ischemic postconditioning and remote conditioning are potentially useful tools for protecting ischemic myocardium. This study tested the hypothesis that 2,3-dehydrosilybin (DHS), a flavonolignan component of Silybum marianum, could attenuate cardiomyocyte damage following hypoxia/reoxygenation by decreasing the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). After 5-6 days of cell culture in normo...