Serum luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, prolactin, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and growth hormone and hypothalamic luliberin and thyroliberin contents were measured at given times of the estrous cycle in a dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-susceptible strain of rat (Sprague-Daw ley) and in a DMBA-resistant strain of rat (Wistar) for periods up to the appearance of the first mam...

Serum luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, prolactin, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and growth hormone and hypothalamic luliberin and thyroliberin contents were measured at given times of the estrous cycle in a dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-susceptible strain of rat (Sprague-Daw ley) and in a DMBA-resistant strain of rat (Wistar) for periods up to the appearance of the first mam...

The major environmental parameter controlling seasonal breeding in ewes is photoperiod. Short days stimulate, and long days inhibit breeding activity. One of the more intriguing enigmas of neuroendocrinology is the endocrine mechanism whereby a mere change in daylength initiates or prevents estrous cycles. Recent experiments have begun to solve this problem by demonstrating that in ewes, photop...

Although the preferential activation of the prefrontal cortical (PFC) dopaminergic system is generally observed in stress, limited exceptions to this have been observed. Certain non-escape behaviors have been demonstrated to attenuate physiological indices of stress (e.g., coping or displacement responses). One well-characterized non-escape behavior observed in stress is chewing, or gnawing, of...

Fluticasone propionate is a fluoromethyl androstane 17beta-carbiothioate that is classified for dermatological use as a moderate potency corticosteroid. It is available in 0.05% cream and 0.005% ointment formulations for the treatment of patients with inflammatory dermatoses responsive to corticosteroids. Although it demonstrates greater activity than other corticosteroids of similar potency in...

Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) is of value in the treatment of a number of diseases which respond to corticosteroid therapy, and has been preferred to corticosteroids themselves by several clinicians on the grounds that side-effects are fewer and withdrawal easier (Savage, Copeman, Chapman, Wells, and Treadwell, 1962), that there is a better clinical response in rheumatoid arthritis (West,...

As the hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) pulse generator is an integrator of hormonal, metabolic, and neural signals, it is not surprising that the function of the hypothalamogonadal axis is subject to the influence of a large array of environmental factors. Before puberty, the central nervous system (CNS) restrains the GnRH pulse generator. Undernutrition, low socioeconomic st...

BACKGROUND Oxytocin is known for its capacity to facilitate social bonding, reduce anxiety and for its actions on the stress hypothalamopituitary adrenal (HPA) axis. Since oxytocin can physiologically suppress activity of the HPA axis, clinical applications of this neuropeptide have been proposed in conditions where the function of the HPA axis is dysregulated. One such condition is major depre...

There is growing interest directed toward understanding positive emotions, and maternal and romantic love are among the most desired and positive social experiences encountered. It is only now that we are beginning to understand not only their neurobiological and neurochemical regulation but also their beneficial health consequences. For example, around parturition, profound adaptations of the ...

Identification of biomarkers representing the evolution of the pathophysiology of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is vitally important, not only for objective diagnosis but also for the evaluation of therapeutic efficacy and resilience to trauma. Ongoing research is directed at identifying molecular biomarkers for PTSD, including traumatic stress induced proteins, transcriptomes, genomic ...