The association between hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and multiple CNS lesions in a variety of disorders suggests a possible causative link between these clinical findings. Neural afferent input into the hypothalamus from higher CNS centers modulates GnRH secretion and derangements of these neural pathways could potentially result in diminished gonadotropin secretion and hypogonadism. This repo...

The hypothalamic hormone kisspeptin (metastin) regulates human reproduction by modulating gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion. Kisspeptin is detected in peripheral blood, although GnRH is not. In this study, we measured plasma kisspeptin levels in four male cases with hypogonadism and seven normal male controls using enzyme immunoassay (EIA) to elucidate the clinical implications of...

Visceral adiposity index (VAI) well mirrors visceral fat dysfunction. No study explored the association between low androgen and VAI. We aimed to determine whether VAI was associated with hypogonadism and sex hormones, and also whether it better predicted hypogonadism than other obesity indices. Our data were collected from 16 sites in East China. 2,759 men were enrolled. Hypogonadism was defin...

Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is an autosomal dominant multisystem disease affecting muscles, the eyes and the endocrine organs. Diabetes mellitus and primary hypogonadism are endocrine manifestations typically seen in patients with DM1. Abnormalities of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis have also been reported in some DM1 patients. We present a case of DM1 with a rare combination of ...

OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of hypogonadism in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus and evaluate its clinical and pathologic correlates. SUBJECTS AND METHODS In a cross-sectional survey of 200 type 2 diabetic males aged 32-69 years, total testosterone (TT), follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, waist circumference (WC), glycated hemoglobin, and lipids were measured. Clinic...

Non-functioning pituitary macroadenomas (NFPAs) are the most prevalent pituitary macroadenomas. One common symptom of NFPA is hypogonadism, which may require long-term hormone replacement. This study was designed to clarify the association between the pre-operative tumor volume, pre-operative testosterone level, intraoperative resection status and the need of long-term post-operative testostero...

Metabolic disorders and cardiovascular events are increased in hypogonadism. Serum HDL composition is a better cardiovascular predictor than the HDL counts. However, there is no information about the HDL subfractions in patients with hypogonadism. We designed a prospective study to investigate the HDL subfractions in treatment naïve subjects with hypogonadism and the effects of 2 different test...

OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to determine the prevalence and etiology of erectile dysfunction in Saudi type 2 diabetic patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS 429 Saudi type 2 diabetic male patients aged more than 30 years were recruited. Total and bio-available serum testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin and free testosterone levels were measured by ELISA-IBL GMBH Germany. RESULTS 47 (12...

OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to re-evaluate women with secondary amenorrhea one year after the first visit evaluation. STUDY METHODS One hundred and seventy-five women with secondary amenorrhea were evaluated on the first visit. Their ages ranged from 18 to 29. Secondary amenorrhea was defined by the absence of menses for more than 3 months after excluding pregnancy. Women who were att...

Puberty is a complex maturation process that begins during fetal life and persists until the acquisition of reproduction function. The fundamental event that activates puberty occurs in the hypothalamus. A complex neuron network stimulates GnRH secretion, which stimulates pituitary gonadotropin secretion and then gonadal steroid secretion. Pubertal delay is defined as the presentation of clinic...