Plant growth depends on the integration of environmental cues and phytohormone-signaling pathways. During seedling emergence, elongation of the embryonic stem (hypocotyl) serves as a readout for light and hormone-dependent responses. We screened 10,000 chemicals provided exogenously to light-grown seedlings and identified 100 compounds that promote hypocotyl elongation. Notably, one subset of t...

Abstract Melatonin is known to improve the tolerance of plants adverse abiotic factors (AAF), including dehydration. Nevertheless, details action this phytohormone are not sufficiently comprehended. In current study, effects melatonin on growth, water status, and content malonic dialdehyde were evaluated in etiolated seedlings narrow-leaved lupine ( Lupinus angustifolius L.) subjected The respi...

Research on phototropic (PT) bending in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. cv. Kondi (Syngenta)) seedling hypocotyls presented herein focused a comparison of diurnal and free-running photoperiods with the aim explaining development rhythmicity. PT magnitudes lag phase duration exhibited strong daily rhythmicity all photoperiods, contrasting uniform response to constant light (CL) conditions. Plant...

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects application glyphosate herbicide on seed reserve mobilization and seedling morphology genetically modified soybean. Two herbicide-tolerant (TMG 1264RR P98Y11) two herbicide-sensitive (Emgopa 315 UFUS 7415) cultivars were selected for study subjected germination, length, tests after treatments with solutions at concentrations 0.00, ...

Salicylic acid (SA) is one component of a complex signalling pathway that is induced by a number of biotic and abiotic stresses. Exposing seedling radicles to aqueous solutions of 0.5 mM salicylic acid for 24 h before chilling at 2.5 degrees C for 1-4 days reduced the chilling-induced increase in electrolyte leakage from maize and rice leaves, and cucumber hypocotyls, but not from their radicle...

Several species from the Cucurbitaceae family including muskmelon, watermelon, cucumber, pumpkin, and squash were used to evaluate their tolerance in a laboratory test to two herbicides (Stomp and Acetochlor) widely used in crop cultivation. The effects of concentration and site of herbicide action on the length of primary roots and hypocotyls as well as seedling fresh weight were studied. The ...

Development of dark-grown "Clark" soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) seedlings is abnormal at 25 C but normal at 20 and 30 C. At 25 C, hypocotyls swell and fail to elongate normally; lateral root formation and seedling ethylene evolution are enhanced.Co(2+) promoted hypocotyl elongation of etiolated "Clark" soybean seedlings by 28% when grown at 25 C. The same growth-promoting concentration reduc...

Phytohormones regulate plant development via a poorly understood signal response network. Here, we show that the phytohormone ethylene regulates plant development at least in part via alteration of the properties of DELLA protein nuclear growth repressors, a family of proteins first identified as gibberellin (GA) signaling components. This conclusion is based on the following experimental obser...

Correlations between developmentally plastic traits may constrain the joint evolution of traits. In plants, both seedling de-etiolation and shade avoidance elongation responses to crowding and foliage shade are mediated by partially overlapping developmental pathways, suggesting the possibility of pleiotropic constraints. To test for such constraints, we exposed inbred lines of Impatiens capens...

Rhizobia are well-known for their ability to infect and nodulate legume roots, forming a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis of agricultural importance. In addition, recent studies have shown that rhizobia can colonize roots and aerial plant tissues of rice as a model plant of the Graminaceae family. Here we show that rhizobia can invade tobacco, a model plant belonging to the Solanaceae family. Inoculat...