Despite extensive investigation, the biological mechanisms causing essential hypertension (EHT) remain unclear. To clarify the means by which hypotensive prostaglandins (Hypo-PGs, mainly PGE1 and PGE2) act in patients with EHT, the interaction between intravenously infused Hypo-PGs and pressor substances such as an adrenergic neurotransmitter, noradrenaline (NA) and angiotensin II (AII) was exa...

In this paper we put forward a way of modelling reasoning with cases as it is described by writers such as Levi. This style of reasoning concentrates on finding and refining particular distinctions amongst cases which bear on the outcome. It thus contrasts with work such as HYPO in which such distinctions are the product of initial analysis of the domain, and so come already fixed. We provide a...

In this paper we describe an approach to the problem of weighting various factors that contribute to an analysis or outcome of a problem situation and discuss issues about weighting as they touch upon our case-based reasoned HY@O. In HYPO, we take the approach of delaying for as long as possible any assignment of weights-and of symbolically comparing the “weights” of competing factors. We call ...

In this short paper we introduce some novel arguments based on legal cases represented as sets of dimensions. Although there has been much work on arguments based on factors, there has been relatively little recent work which has exploited dimensional representations. The arguments that we consider have a flavour quite distinct from those generated from cases represented as factors, which lack ...

SUMMARY Posterior consistency and the parallel behaviour of consistency of maximum likelihood estimators is analyzed in nonparametric statistical problems. The framework is the hypo-Strong Law of Large Numbers, a form of " one-sided " Uniform Law of Large Numbers.

he coexistence of thyroid and parathyroid diseases is not rare. In the review of the recent literature, 25% of the patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) had significant associated thyroid diseases including carcinoma in an Australian series.1 Regal et al,2 reported a high prevalence of unsuspected varieties of thyroid disease occurring mainly in postmenopausal women in patients with ...

BACKGROUND Oxygen supply as a lifesaving intervention is frequently used to treat preterm infants suffering additionally from possible prenatal or perinatal pathogen features. The impact of oxygen and/or physical lung injury may influence the morphological lung development, leading to a chronic postnatal lung disease called bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). At present different experimental BPD...

Backgrounds: We studied the changes in blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and brain trace elements concentration in acute hypo-osmolality and pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizures model in rats. Furthermore, the effect of acute hypo-osmolality on seizure activity (patterns) in the PTZ model, the correlation between seizure severity score (SS score) and changes of both of BBB permeability...

The concept of hypo-Euclidean norm for an n−tuple of vectors in inner product spaces is introduced. Its fundamental properties are established. Upper bounds via the BoasBellman [1]-[3] and Bombieri [2] type inequalities are provided. Applications for n−tuples of bounded linear operators defined on Hilbert spaces are also given.

OBJECTIVE One third of patients with a major depressive episode also experience manic symptoms or, even, a (hypo)manic episode. Retrospective studies on the temporal sequencing of symptomatology suggest that the majority of these patients report depressive symptoms before the onset of manic symptoms. However, prospective studies are scarce and this study will, therefore, prospectively examine t...