Seahorses and other syngnathid fishes rely on a widening of the snout to create the buccal volume increase needed to suck prey into the mouth. This snout widening is caused by abduction of the suspensoria, the long and flat bones outlining the lateral sides of the mouth cavity. However, it remains unknown how seahorses can generate a forceful abduction of the suspensoria. To understand how forc...

OBJECTIVES To describe the timing, coordination, and extent of hyoid movement in a population of older adults with dysphagia and to evaluate the effect of hyoid movement on upper esophageal sphincter opening. DESIGN A retrospective review of dynamic swallow studies performed between January 1996 and December 1999 was done. SUBJECTS Patients included in the study were 65 years or older, with...

OBJECTIVE To describe a method of hyoid cartilage division during Sistrunk operation for management of thyroglossal duct cyst (TGDC) and compare postoperative outcomes with those of conventional hyoid bone cutting. METHODS Fifty-nine patients who received operative treatment for TGDC from January 2005 to July 2013 were enrolled. The degree of fusion in the cartilaginous portion of the hyoid w...

Purpose This study aimed to determine whether excessive neck muscle tone affects hyoid bone kinetics during swallowing using videofluorography (VF) in an unnatural posture in healthy individuals. Subjects and methods Subjects were 28 healthy adults (12 men, 16 women; mean age, 39.75±9.50 years) without any history or present complaints of swallowing disorders. We first established the partici...

Fractures of the hyoid bone are very rare. Diagnosis of hyoid fracture is difficult and can be made only with a strong degree of suspicion. We report a case of isolated hyoid bone fracture due to blunt trauma to the neck. A 26-year-old woman was admitted to emergency department for motor vehicle accident. She complained of dysphagia and anterior neck discomfort. Physical examination showed hype...

Bailey, E. Fiona, and Ralph F. Fregosi. Modulation of upper airway muscle activities by bronchopulmonary afferents. J Appl Physiol 101: 609–617, 2006; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00204.2006.—Here we review the influence of bronchopulmonary receptors (slowly and rapidly adapting pulmonary stretch receptors, and pulmonary/bronchial C-fiber receptors) on respiratory-related motor output to upper airw...

Hyoid movement in swallowing is biomechanically linked to closure of the laryngeal vestibule for airway protection and to opening of the upper esophageal sphincter. Studies suggest that the range of hyoid movement is highly variable in the healthy population. However, other aspects of hyoid movement such as velocity remain relatively unexplored. In this study, we analyze data from a sample of 2...

Stylohyoid ligament, lesser cornu of hyoid bone and styloid process form stylohyoid complex derived from cartilage of 2 nd pharyngeal arch. The anatomy of the ossified stylohyoid ligament and styloid process has immense embryological and clinical importance. The present report is of a fully ossified stylohyoid ligament on right side in an adult male cadaver. On the left side the stylohyoid liga...

The neural crest is a vertebrate-specific cell population that contributes to the facial skeleton and other derivatives. We have performed focal DiI injection into the cranial neural tube of the developing lamprey in order to follow the migratory pathways of discrete groups of cells from origin to destination and to compare neural crest migratory pathways in a basal vertebrate to those of gnath...