Steady-state and transient one-dimensional unsaturated flow in vertically stratified porous media are examined. Saturated hydraulic conductivity and the alpha parameter of the exponential hydraulic conductivity function were assumed to vary from soil layer to soil layer. The use of effective unsaturated hydraulic conductivity to compute matric potential in the soil profile is demonstrated. Resu...

The hybrid vehicle is a new type of green and energy efficient vehicle. Hydraulic accumulator and variable pump/motor make up the break energy regeneration utilization system, which is the core of hydraulic auxiliary driving unit. The hybrid drive system is composed of hydraulic auxiliary driving unit and the original vehicle drive system. As it relates to the recovery of the braking energy and...

This paper denouements the study of operating parameters of a hydraulic transmission system with and without the application of hydraulic accumulator. In this respect, the hydraulic system, designed in the open circuit mode, consists of the fixed displacement hydraulic pump which gives pressured fluid to the hydro-motor and charges the accumulator as well. The load on the motor is controlled hy...

Hydraulic cylinder actuators are used extensively in industrial, construction and agricultural works. The small sized outlet ports of the cylinders resist the flow of discharged oil; and as a result the piston motion is slowed down. This causes a lot of heat generation and energy loss within the actuators. The study investigates and analyzes the possibilities of reducing the hydraulic resistanc...

The physical habitat that controls ecosystem functioning is determined by local hydraulics and channel morphology. Hydraulic field studies were conducted in a boreal stream 1) to test the hypothesis that the local hydraulic conditions are determined by cross-sectional geometry and flow resistance in boreal conditions by analysing the relationship between flow velocities, cross-sectional geometr...

For the fast transient dam break flooding with floating bodies presented through intricate city layouts, the traditional grid-based method based on solving two dimensional (2D) Shallow Water Equations or three dimensional (3D) Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations have difficulty in modelling the 3D unsteady flow features and the moving objects in the flow, causing inaccuracies. In this pap...

Transfer of debris flow caused by floods in the river downstream of the mountains leads to several damages every year. Numerous researches have been carried out on the Mountain Rivers the results of which show the importance of performing more researches to control debris flows in the floodplain because of various effective hydraulic-geometric parameters.For this purpose, AbNik Mountain River l...

hydraulics of stepped spillway is a very complicated phenomenon, as it consists of a two phase flow passing through a set of designed steps. the steps increase the rate of energy dissipation taking place on the spillway face. turbulence, flow aeration and energy dissipation are the main tasks in the design of such structures. this study consists of the experimental investigation to determine th...