In this study bio-based bio-phenol-formaldehyde (BPF) resoles were prepared using hydrolytically depolymerized Kraft lignin (DKL) as bio-phenol to partially substitute phenol. The effects of phenol substitution ratio, weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of DKL and formaldehyde-to-phenol (F/P) ratio were also investigated to find the optimum curing temperature for BPF resoles. The results indic...

The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of the acetylation treated kenaf fiber, Phenol-formaldehyde resin content level, and three fungi species on the dimensional stability and decay resistance of high density non-wood composition boards. A standard ASTM method was used to evaluate weight loss and thickness change. The linear shrinkage and expansion of each species were al...

Received: Revised: Accepted: Published online: October 20, 2014 August 18, 2015 September 01, 2015 December 31, 2015 To inactivate locally isolated Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG), phenol, formaldehyde and binary ethylenimine were optimized for their concentrations and exposure time. Their effect on immunoprophylaxis induction was then assessed by using different levels of immunogen/PCV and diffe...

Diazotization of p-toluidine and coupling with 3-amino-phenol-Formaldehyde (APF) resin give oligomaric azo dye TAPF, based on 3-amino-phenol-Formaldehyde (APF) polymer. The TAPF was then treated with 5-chloro methyl-8quinolinol hydrochloride in the presence of a THF in alkaline medium (pH 9-10) at room temperature for 7 hrs. The resultant oligomaric ligand designated as azo polyphenol-formaldeh...

In this study, bio-oil from fast pyrolysis of renewable biomass was added by the mass of phenol to synthesize bio-oil phenol formaldehyde (BPF) resins, which were used to fabricate glass fiber (GF) reinforced BPF resin (GF/BPF) composites. The properties of the BPF resin and the GF/BPF composites prepared were tested. The functional groups and thermal property of BPF resin were thoroughly inves...