objective: for immunotherapy of human papillomavirus (hpv) -16-associated cervical cancers the e7 protein is considered a prime candidate. however it is a poor inducer of cytotoxic t-cell response, when being used as a singular antigen in protein vaccination. hence, in this study we focused on the utilization of a vaccine delivery system for prevention or treatment of cervical cancer. materials...

BACKGROUND A substantial body of work has related survey-based parental vaccine hesitancy to noncompliant childhood immunization. However little attention has been paid to the connection between parents' own immunization behavior and the immunizations their children receive. METHODS Using the Oregon ALERT Immunization Information System, we identified adult caregiver-child pairs for children ...

background: rabies is a fatal infectious disease and rabies post-exposure prophylaxis is the method of choice for prevention of human rabies. case series: we report rabies antibody levels in cord blood and also in serum of pregnant women who were bitten by suspected animals to rabies and were immunized by purified vero cell rabies vaccine (pvrv) and human rabies immunoglobulin (hrig) serum. dur...

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global pandemic despite the use of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, partly because BCG fails to effectively control adult pulmonary TB. The introduction of novel boost vaccines such as the human Adenovirus 5-vectored AdHu5Ag85A could improve and prolong the protective immunity of BCG immunization. Age at which BCG immunization is implemented varies greatly wor...

CTL together with anti-envelope Abs represent major effectors for viral clearance during hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The induction of strong cytotoxic and Ab responses against the envelope proteins after DNA-based immunization has been proposed as a promising therapeutic approach to mediate viral clearance in chronically infected patients. Here, we studied the CTL responses against previ...

abstract   the mutagenic and immunosuppressory effects of cyclophosphamide (cyp) are still the primary limitation to wider application for treating a variety of human malignancies. on the one hand, cyp treatment predisposes transplant recipients and cancer patients to risk of bacterial, fungal, and viral infections, in the other word the, lipopolysaccharide (lps), an endotoxin found in cell wal...

INTRODUCTION The receipt rate of hepatitis B virus vaccine among adolescents in the United States is high, while the receipt rate of human papillomavirus vaccine is low. Rates have not been closely studied among refugees, whose home countries have high rates of disease caused by these viruses. METHODS We examined human papillomavirus and hepatitis B virus immunization rates among 2,269 refuge...