Cervical cancer is, globally known to be, one of the most common cancers among women especially in developing countries. More than 90% of cervical cancers are associated with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) particularly HPV types 16 and 18. Two major strategies have been developed for prevention and treatment of cervical cancer and other HPV-associated malignancies; the first one is bas...

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) infect the squamous epithelium, and cause skin warts, genital warts and cancers, including uterine cervical cancer. Amongst the enormously diverse types of HPVs, HPV16 and HPV18 are most prevalent and responsible for approximately 70% of cervical cancer cases. Current preventive HPV vaccines contain virus-like particles which are composed of L1 major capsid protein...

This report summarizes the epidemiology of human papillomavirus (HPV) and associated diseases, describes the licensed HPV vaccines, provides updated data from clinical trials and postlicensure safety studies, and compiles recommendations from CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) for use of HPV vaccines. Persistent infection with oncogenic HPV types can cause cervical cancer...

Cervical cancer is the fourth most lethal women's cancer worldwide. Current treatments against cervical cancer include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and anti-angiogenic agents. However, despite the various treatments utilized for the treatment of cervical cancer, its disease burden remains a global issue. Persistent infection of human papillomavirus (HPV) has been identified as an essent...

The development and licensing of a nonavalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine has the potential to reduce morbidity and mortality from HPV-related cancers beyond that of first generation HPV vaccines. However, this benefit can only be realised if the offer of vaccination is accepted. Uptake of first generation HPV vaccines is not complete and shows huge global variation. In addition to pract...

INTRODUCTION Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections in sexually active adolescents and young women and has been implicated as a cause of the majority of cases of cervical cancer, which is the second most common cancer in women in Nigeria. HPV is preventable with the use of HPV vaccines. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to assess mothers'...

OBJECTIVE To briefly review strategies aimed at the development of rotavirus and HPV vaccines, with emphasis on the current status of studies assessing the safety, reactogenicity, immunogenicity and efficacy of recently developed vaccines. SOURCES OF DATA This review focuses on articles published from 1996 to 2006, mainly those from the last five years, with special emphasis on data obtained ...

Vaccines to efficiently block or limit sexual transmission of both HIV and human papilloma virus (HPV) are urgently needed. Chimeric virus-like-particle (VLP) vaccines consisting of both multimerized HPV L1 proteins and fragments of SIV gag p27, HIV-1 tat, and HIV-1 rev proteins (HPV-SHIV VLPs) were constructed and administered to macaques both systemically and mucosally. An additional group of...

Cervical cancer trends to occur in midlife. Most cases are found in women younger than 50. More than 15% of cases of cervical cancer are found in women over 65 but, these cancers rarely arrise in women who have regular tests for cervical cancer screening before they were 65. The most important etiological factor in cervical cancer and precursor lesions is persistent infection by HPV. Thus, an e...

The Food and Drug Administration has approved two human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines for use by men and women in the United States. The vaccines not only protect against HPV infection, but also reduce the risk of cervical cancer in women. Despite the widespread availability of these vaccines, vulnerable populations such as those with low incomes have been reported to have limited access to and...