background access to appropriate and affordable healthcare is needed to achieve better health outcomes in africa. however, access to healthcare remains low, especially among the poor. in zambia, poor access exists despite the policy by the government to remove user fees in all primary healthcare facilities in the public sector. the paper has two main objectives: (i) to examine the factors assoc...

This paper explores the extent and nature of gender differences, by age, in household health expenditure allocation. Using South African data, we adopt a hurdle methodology, constructing a sequence of decision stages (reporting sickness, consulting medical practitioner, incurring positive medical expenditure, and the conditional amount of expenditure) in order to examine all these possible chan...

This paper explores the extent and nature of gender differences, by age, in household health expenditure allocation. Using South African data, we adopt a hurdle methodology, constructing a sequence of decision stages (reporting sickness, consulting medical practitioner, incurring positive medical expenditure, and the conditional amount of expenditure) in order to examine all these possible chan...

Socioeconomic determinants are investigated for both the likelihood of consuming fastfood and household expenditure on fastfood using the 1994-98 USDA Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals. The logit model is used to estimate an empirical relationship between probability an individual will consume fastfood and socioeconomic variables. The Tobit model is used to estimate an empirical ...

OBJECTIVE To assess the economic impact of maternal death on rural Chinese households during the year after maternal death. METHODS A prospective cohort study matched 183 households who had suffered a maternal death to 346 households that experienced childbirth without maternal death in rural areas of three provinces in China. Surveys were conducted at baseline (1-3 months after maternal deat...

OBJECTIVE To quantify the household expenditure per capita and to estimate the percentage of Brazilian households that have spent with dental insurance. METHODS We analyzed data from 55,970 households that participated in the research Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares in 2008-2009. We have analyzed the annual household expenditure per capita with dental insurance (business and private) accordin...

Informal and Formal Care in Europe Government expenditure on formal residential care and home-help services for the elderly significantly reduces 45-59 year old women’s informal care-giving affecting both the extensive and the intensive margin. Allowing for country fixed-effects and country-specific trends and correcting for attrition, the estimates – based on the European Community Household P...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the expenditure on dental care of Mexican households, analyze their trends, and determine the factors associated with the decision to spend and the amount of money spent in 2000, 2002, and 2004. MATERIAL AND METHODS Using the National Survey of Household Income and Expenditure for 2000, 2002, and 2004, the national dental health care expenditure was calculated. To facili...

BACKGROUND During recent decades household incomes have increased steadily, leading to changes in dietary habits and food expenditure. AIM To report changes in household food expenditure focusing on trends in processed food across income quintiles in Metropolitan Santiago. MATERIAL AND METHODS Information obtained from the Fourth (1986-1987), Fifth (1996-1997) and Sixth National Institute o...