damages due to northridge and kobe earthquakes were expressive of considerable effects of vertical components of earthquakes compared to the horizontal ones. on the other hand, thin steel plate shear wall is one of the newest resistant systems which until now it`s behavior haven’t been investigated under vertical component of earthquake. therefore, in this article, effects of vertical component...

Failure of the quay walls due to earthquakes results in severe economic loss. Because of hazards threatening such inexpensive nodes of national and international transportation networks, seismic design of quay walls is still an evolving topic in marine structural engineering. This study investigates the sensitivity of the gravity-type quay wall stability respect to uncertain soil and seismic pr...

This paper proposes a systematic procedure for the exponential stabilization of relative equilibria of mechanical systems. The emphasis is on 1 dimensional symmetries. A key design idea is to distinguish between horizontal forces, which preserve the momentum, and vertical forces that affect it. A proportional, derivative control in the horizontal directions and a first order regulator in the ve...

Abstract—The seismic response of special-shaped arch bridge was different from conventional arch bridge with obviously spatial coupling effect, researched the spatial seismic behavior of Tongtai bridge which in Zhangjiakou by finite element theory, analyzed the effect of seismic response peak on this bridge under longitudinal, horizontal and vertical three directions seismic wave propagation, p...

In the structural optimization problem, the aim is to decrease the amount of structural costs and weight, but the safety of platform should not violate the individual limits enforced by offshore codes. The outer diameter and thickness of members are two important variables in the optimization process and their final dimensions should be obtained according to the optimization algorithms such as ...

Flying squirrels are well known for their ability to glide between trees at the top of a forest canopy. We present experimental performance and behavioural evidence that flight in flying squirrels may have evolved out of a need to control landing forces. Northern flying squirrels were filmed jumping from a horizontal branch to a much larger vertical pole. These were both slightly compliant (les...

This study aimed to investigate whether high peak ground reaction forces and high average loading rates are necessary to bowl fast. Kinematic and kinetic bowling data were collected for 20 elite male fast bowlers. A moderate non-significant correlation was found between ball speed and peak vertical ground reaction force with faster bowlers tending to have lower peak vertical ground reaction for...

In this paper a special sandwich panel with a sinusoidal core under distributed load on upper and lower plates has been studied. By drawing free body diagrams, and using energy method and Castagiliano theory the forces and moments involved in the core has been determined. Then, the stresses, normal and horizontal displacements due to above forces and moments are calculated. In order to ensure t...

The study gives up findings of ground reaction force (GRF) measurement in traumatic transtibial amputees (TT) equipped with prosthesis. Results disclose significant asymmetries between the amputated and healthy legs, as well as between transtibial amputees and non-disabled persons. Decreased GRF of prosthesis (max. horizontal force Fx2 and medio-lateral Fy1 (p < 0.05), max. vertical force Fz1 d...

An experimental setup was developed for statically measuring seven vertical and three horizontal reaction forces on the foot. In the setup, the leg can be simultaneously loaded (1) by a vertical force, (2) by an externally applied axial moment, and (3) by simulated muscle forces. The foot is free to invert under influence of the external loads. Statical analysis and test experiments were used f...