A music score reader which can “read” scanned music score and play the music out was developed in this project using Morphological Image Processing techniques. Staff lines were detected by adding up the pixel values along every row after tilting the image to horizontal orientation; note pitch were got by detecting note heads using sequence of erosion, dilation, open and close operations; note d...

Resorption of the edentulous or partially edentulous alveolar ridge or bone loss due to periodontitis or trauma frequently com­promises­fixed­prosthesis­placement.­Therefore,­augmen­ tation­of­an­insufficient­bone­volume­is­often­indicated­to­attain­ predictable­ long­term­ functioning­ and­ an­ esthetic­ treatment­ outcome.­Guided­bone­regeneration­ (GBR)­ techniques­have­ been used for vertic...

Purpose: To systematically review clinical studies examining the survival and success rates of implants in horizontal ridge augmentation, either prior to or in conjunction with implant placement in the anterior maxilla. Materials and methods: A literature search was undertaken up to September 2012 including clinical studies in English with ≥ 10 consecutively treated patients and a mean follow-u...

The replacement of single anterior teeth by means of endosseous implants implies the achievement of success in restoring both aesthetic and function. However, the presence of wide endoperiodontal lesions can lead to horizontal hard and soft tissues defects after tooth extraction, making it impossible to correctly place an implant in the compromised alveolar socket. Vertical augmentation procedu...

The aim of this study is to describe the treatment outcome after alveolar ridge augmentation in the atrophic posterior mandible by segmental sandwich osteotomy combined with an interpositional autograft prior to placement of endosseous implants. Thirteen consecutive patients (five males, mean age 48 years, and eight females, mean age 61 years) were included in this study. The postoperative cour...

Alveolar ridge bone resorption is a biologic phenomenon that occurs following tooth extraction and cannot be prevented. This paper reviews the vertical and horizontal ridge dimensional changes that are associated with tooth extraction. It also provides an overview of the advantages of ridge preservation as well as grafting materials. A Medline search among English language papers was performed ...

Two of the fundamental requisites for guided bone regeneration (GBR) are space maintenance and primary soft-tissue closure. Allogeneic cortical bone pins measuring 2 mm in diameter in customized lengths can protect surrounding graft materials, support bioresorbable membrane barriers, and resist wound compression from the overlying soft tissues. In addition, a second-generation platelet concentr...

The functional and aesthetic restoration of teeth compromised due to aggressive periodontitis presents numerous challenges for the clinician. Horizontal bone loss and soft tissue destruction resulting from periodontitis can impede implant placement and the regeneration of an aesthetically pleasing gingival smile line, often requiring bone augmentation and mucogingival surgery, respectively. Con...