LitInspector is a literature search tool providing gene and signal transduction pathway mining within NCBI's PubMed database. The automatic gene recognition and color coding increases the readability of abstracts and significantly speeds up literature research. A main challenge in gene recognition is the resolution of homonyms and rejection of identical abbreviations used in a 'non-gene' contex...

We study leader election in unidirectional rings of homonym processes that have no a priori knowledge on the number of processes. We show that message-terminating leader election is impossible for any class of rings Kk with bounded multiplicity k ≥ 2. However, we show that process-terminating leader election is possible in the subclass U∗ ∩ Kk, where U ∗ is the class of rings which contain a pr...

In this paper, we analyze existing text-based steganography techniques, and propose an efficient information hiding algorithm for text based on substituted conception. In this algorithm, candidate units are replaced by similar conception, including synonym, homonym or special character. An improved encoding algorithm is also proposed which is not only enhances the robustness, but also enlarges ...

The hesionid polychaete genera Oxydromus Grube, 1855 and Ophiodromus Sars, 1862 have been regarded as synonyms with the former considered as invalid since it was thought to be a junior homonym of Oxydromus Schlegel, 1854. However, Schlegel's name is an incorrect subsequent spelling for Ocydromus Wagler, 1830 (Aves, Gruiformes, Rallidae) and is not an available name. Consequently, Oxydromus Grub...

The effects of semantic and phonetic radicals on Chinese character decoding were examined. Our results suggest that semantic and phonetic radicals are each available for access when a corresponding task emphasizes one or the other kind of radical. But in a more neutral lexical recognition task, the semantic radical is more informative. Semantic radicals that correctly pertain to character meani...

A lectotype is newly designated for Halictus glabriventris Friese (a homonym and replaced by H. glabrescens Cockerell) and the name transferred from Halictillus (Augochlorini) to Dialictus (Halictini), where it is a junior synonym of Dialictus spinolae (Reed). This placement resolves a long standing confusion involving the association of this name with a nest description from the beginning of t...

BACKGROUND The British and Irish checklist of Cynipoidea is revised, considerably updating the last complete checklist published in 1978. Disregarding uncertain identifications, 220 species are now known from Britain and Ireland, comprising 91 Cynipidae (including two established non-natives), 127 Figitidae and two Ibaliidae. NEW INFORMATION One replacement name is proposed, Kleidotoma thomso...

The genus Kassinella was established by Keller (1960: 90) for extinct Lower Carboniferous (Tournaisian) corals from Kazakhstan. The name, however, is preoccupied by the senior homonym Kassinella Borissiak (1956: 50) (Brachiopoda), equally honouring N. G. Kassin, famous geologist and explorer of Kazakhstan. To resolve the homonymy, in accordance with the International Code of Zoological Nomencla...