While homeland security is widely seen as an important national objective, the costs of this effort are not well understood. An analysis of public and private expenditures on homeland security shows that overall spending rose by $34 billion between 2001 and 2005—a clear increase but one that represents a gain of only 1⁄4 of 1 percent as a share of U.S. GDP. Private sector expenditures increased...

In 2006, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) completed its first Bioterrorism Risk Assessment (BTRA), intended to be the foundation for DHS's subsequent biennial risk assessments mandated by Homeland Security Presidential Directive 10 (HSPD-10). At the request of DHS, the National Research Council established the Committee on Methodological Improvements to the Department of Homeland Secur...

The article describes the epidemiological characteristics of Q fever in Croatia, during the period before and after the Homeland War. In the ten years prior to the Homeland War (1983-1992) 1053 cases of Q fever were recorded, 16.2% (171) of which on islands and in coastal areas. In the period after the Homeland War (1995-2008), a total of 654 cases was recorded, 59.9% (392) of which on islands ...

Since 9/11, colleges and universities throughout the nation have developed and implemented new courses and degree programs in homeland security and emergency management. A valued learning outcome of these programs, like most university studies in general, is to develop critical thinking skills in students. However, this can be a challenge because the nature of critical thinking and approaches t...

How Important Is Homeland Education for Refugees’ Economic Position in The Netherlands? We use data on refugees admitted to the Netherlands that include registration of education in their homeland by immigration officers. Such data are seldom available. We investigate the quality and reliability of the registrations and then use them to assess effects on refugees’ economic position during the f...

This work was supported under grant number 2003-TK -TX-0003 from the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Science and Technology Directorate. Points of view in this document are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official position of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security or the Science and Technology. The I3P is managed by Dartmouth College. Copyright© 2005. Trustee...