due to the effective role of markov models in customer relationship management (crm), there is a lack of comprehensive literature review which contains all related literatures. in this paper the focus is on academic databases to find all the articles that had been published in 2011 and earlier. one hundred articles were identified and reviewed to find direct relevance for applying markov models...

Hidden Markov Model is a popular statisical method that is used in continious and discrete speech recognition. The probability density function of observation vectors in each state is estimated with discrete density or continious density modeling. The performance (in correct word recognition rate) of continious density is higher than discrete density HMM, but its computation complexity is very ...

The purchase of eco-friendly products is encouraged by the governments due to its contributions sustainable development environment. It therefore important examine factors influencing products. Based on attitude-behavior-context (ABC) theory, this paper constructs a conceptual model, which explores how consumer’s perceived effectiveness affects individuals’ In details, attempts mediating role c...

Wi-Fi fingerprinting is one of the methods that are widely used to provide Location Based Services (LBS). Gaussian, or a mixture Gaussians, preferred model by for LBS. Nevertheless, Received Signal Strength Intensity (RSSI) histograms skewed, and Gaussian not well suited modeling data when their histogram skewed. In addition, another important characteristic present in RSSI temporal series auto...

INTRODUCTION The use of accelerometers to objectively measure physical activity (PA) has become the most preferred method of choice in recent years. Traditionally, cutpoints are used to assign impulse counts recorded by the devices to sedentary and activity ranges. Here, hidden Markov models (HMM) are used to improve the cutpoint method to achieve a more accurate identification of the sequence ...

Several types of Semi-Continuous HMM (SC-HMM) have been compared with the Continuous Density HMM (CD-HMM) in the context of Speaker Independent Isolated Words Recognition (SI-IWR). It is demonstrated that for the ten-digit vocabulary (TIDIGITS), the SC-HMM outperforms the CD-HMM when memory constraints are imposed on the system. SC-HMMs demonstrate recognition rate of about 95% with a total of ...

Abstract Background To objectively assess a patient’s gait, robust identification of stride borders is one the first steps in inertial sensor-based mobile gait analysis pipelines. While many different methods for segmentation have been presented literature, an out-of-lab evaluation respective algorithms on free-living still missing. Method address this issue, we present comprehensive dataset, i...