A chronic wound is a wound that does not heal in an orderly set of stages and in a predictable amount of time or wounds that do not heal within three months are often considered chronic. Chronic wounds often remain in the inflammatory stage for too long and may never heal or may take years. Chronic wound patients often report pain as dominant in their lives. Persistent pain is the main problem ...

INTRODUCTION The medical leech (Hirudo medicinalis) has been used throughout the centuries and continues to be used today, mainly in reconstructive surgery and microsurgery. Easy access to these animals may entail an improper use of this therapeutic method by patients as a form of self-treatment. CASE REPORT A man who presented with skin erythema and oedema due to the application of a medical...

The article provides information on medical leeches that are suitable for treatment. Also, the authors studied effect of hirudin human body in different age, number and sessions required to obtain a therapeutic effect.

Sir, The ingenious article by Rastogi and Chaudhari was indeed interesting. [1] Hirudo medicinalis (medical leech) has been used in ancient medicine for various ailments. In recent years, leeches have been making a remarkable re‑emergence in medical practice, especially in reconstructive microsurgery to relieve venous congestion and to improve the microrevascularization of flaps, grafts, or rep...

Background: Hirudotherapy is very common in traditional Iranian medicine for treating various diseases, including hyperglycemia. However, there no scientific research to evaluate its effect on diabetes mellitus and the possible side effects. Objectives: This study aimed biochemical histopathological changes healthy diabetic male rats treated with leeches. Methods: experimental was performed 28 ...

Varicosity refers to multiple, dilated, tortuous, and elongated veins that have permanently lost their valvular efficiency, such as haemorrhoids, varicocele, esophageal varices. Varicose are twisted enlarged commonly found in the legs. When become varicose, valves stop working properly, allowing blood flow backwards engorge. most common superficial of legs, with engorging ulcerating a result st...