Neural network approach is applied to establish relationships between the quantities/cost of the concrete/formwork, which is required for the structural elements of tall buildings using high performance concrete (HPC), and the design variables. Hybrid and hierarchical strategies are proposed for the cost estimation, where the feed-forward networks are adopted. After training, the neural network...

This paper systematically investigates the effectiveness of different visual feature coding schemes for facilitating the learning of time-delayed dependencies among disjoint multi-camera views. Accurate inter-camera dependency estimation across nonoverlapping camera views is non-trivial especially in crowded scenes where inter-object occlusion can be severe and frequent, and when the degree of ...

Over the past several years many issues have come to light that have highlighted the need for improved ventilation in multi unit residential buildings (MURB's). High-rise buildings, for example, are all too often connected with poor indoor air quality. When looking at this issue from the perspective of urbanism and the trend to increasing the density of our urban centres, there is a dramatic ne...

“Given the high land values in central business sections of our leading cities, the skyscraper is not only the most efficient, but the only economic utilization of certain strategic plots. An exhaustive investigation... has conclusively demonstrated that the factors making for diminishing returns in the intensive development of such plots are more than offset by the factors making for increasin...

3 Performing the calibration 3.1 Fundamental principles of oscilloscopes 3.2 Description of the device under test 3.3 Calibration procedures 3.3.1 Calibration of the vertical deflection (amplitude calibration) 3.3.1.1 Traceability by DC 3.3.1.2 Traceability by AC 3.3.1.3 Traceability by pulse measurements 3.3.2 Calibration of the horizontal deflection (time base calibration)) 3.3.3 Calibration ...

We study fast vortex wall propagation in Permalloy wires induced by 3 ns short current pulses with sub 100 ps rise time using high resolution magnetic imaging at zero field. We find a constant domain wall displacement after each current pulse as well as current induced domain wall structure changes, even at these very short timescales. The domain wall velocities are found to be above 100 m/s an...

In this article, we propose a mechanical rubbing method to eliminate the optical bounce and decrease the response time of homeotropic liquid crystal (LC) cells with sputtered silicon dioxide alignment films. After gently rubbing the inorganic alignment film (sputtered silicon oxide, SiO2), the decreasing polar anchoring energy results in slightly smaller pretilt angle which gives LC a toppling ...