This study was performed to test the hypothesis that administration of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo) in humans increases maximal oxygen consumption by augmenting the maximal oxygen carrying capacity of blood. Systemic and leg oxygen delivery and oxygen uptake were studied during exercise in eight subjects before and after 13 wk of rHuEpo treatment and after isovolemic hemodilution t...

OBJECTIVE Hypotension resulting from hemodilution on cardiopulmonary bypass is often treated by pressor (eg, phenylephrine) infusion. The effect of phenylephrine on cerebral blood flow (CBF) in this setting is not clear. It was hypothesized that phenylephrine might decrease CBF. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Six different radioactively labeled microspheres (15 microm) were used to measure CBF...

T 4 C r | ^ hinning the blood" is such an intuitively reasonable and understandable treatment for ischemic stroke that most clinicians have invoked this phrase to explain to families one of the ways of possibly treating their recently hemiplegic relative. The Scandinavian Stroke Study Group reports in this issue of Stroke, however, that hemodilution (or probably any treatment) does not work whe...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Increased vascular wall shear stress by elevated plasma viscosity significantly enhances the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity during an acute isovolemic hemodilution. Also the modulation of plasma viscosity has effects on the cardiac function that were revealed if a left ventricular (LV) pressure-volume (PV) measurement was used. The aim of this study ...

BACKGROUND This study evaluates the effect of hemodilution by various common resuscitation fluids, and the efficacy of activated recombinant factor VII (rFVIIa) on coagulation parameters in human blood in vitro. METHODS Samples from normal healthy volunteers (n = 9) were hemodiluted from 0% to 90% with normal saline, or 0%, 40%, 60%, and 80% with 5% albumin, Hespan, Hextend, normal saline, or...

Cerebral blood flow (CBF) is tightly regulated to meet metabolic demands, and it increases during hemodilution as arterial oxygen content (CaO2) falls. Oxygent® is a perfluorocarbon (PFC) emulsion that has a high capacity to dissolve oxygen and can thus increase CaO2 in patients breathing supplemental oxygen. PFCs have shown excellent oxygen therapeutic value in both phase II and phase III clin...

The effects of profound (hematocrit value, Ht 20%) and extreme (Ht 5%) hemodilutions on the relationship between the mean arterial pressure (MAP) and the cerebral blood flow (CBF) were studied in pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs. A regression line was found between the CBF and Ht values during normotensive hemodilution (MAP 100 torr): CBF (ml/100g X min) = -98.9 log Ht (%) + 195.5 (p less than 0...

BACKGROUND Low hemoglobin concentration (Hb) and low mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) impact outcomes in critically ill patients. We utilized an experimental model of "normotensive" vs. "hypotensive" acute hemodilutional anemia to test whether optimal tissue perfusion is dependent on both Hb and MAP during acute blood loss and fluid resuscitation, and to assess the value of direct measurement...

T 4 C r | ^ hinning the blood" is such an intuitively reasonable and understandable treatment for ischemic stroke that most clinicians have invoked this phrase to explain to families one of the ways of possibly treating their recently hemiplegic relative. The Scandinavian Stroke Study Group reports in this issue of Stroke, however, that hemodilution (or probably any treatment) does not work whe...