BACKGROUND Infection with intestinal helminths may stimulate dysfunctional immune responses in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons. Studies have yielded conflicting results regarding the impact of antihelminthic treatment on plasma concentrations of HIV-1 RNA.Methods. We conducted a prospective study of 54 HIV-1- and helminth-coinfected and 57 HIV-1-infected, helminth-uninfected...

2034 www.thelancet.com Vol 390 November 4, 2017 Epidemiological studies have found an inverse relationship between exposure to helminth parasites and the incidence of inflammatory and autoimmune disease. Evidence from animal studies shows that helminth infections exert strong immunomodulatory activity and are able to inhibit, alter, and modify immune responses. Their ability to alter or suppres...

Helminth infections of cattle affect productivity in all classes of stock, and are amongst the most important production-limiting diseases of grazing ruminants. Over the last decade, there has been a shift in focus in the diagnosis of these infections from merely detecting presence/absence of infection towards detecting its impact on production. This has been facilitated by studies observing co...

Helminth infections caused by soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) and schistosomes are among the most prevalent afflictions of humans who live in areas of poverty in the developing world. The morbidity caused by STHs and schistosomes is most commonly associated with infections of heavy intensity. Approximately 300 million people with heavy helminth infections suffer from severe morbidity that res...

We measured enteric parasitic infection prevalence and the effect of treatment on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA levels to assess their importance to HIV primary care in resource-limited settings. Adults in Lilongwe, Malawi, were evaluated, treated, and followed-up for parasitic and HIV infections. Of 389 patients, 266 (68%) were HIV infected. Helminth infections were more common in HIV...

Global climate change is predicted to alter the distribution and dynamics of soil-transmitted helminth infections, and yet host immunity can also influence the impact of warming on host-parasite interactions and mitigate the long-term effects. We used time-series data from two helminth species of a natural herbivore and investigated the contribution of climate change and immunity on the long-te...

Developed countries are suffering from an epidemic rise in immunologic disorders, such as allergy-related diseases and certain autoimmunities. Several studies have demonstrated a negative association between helminth infections and inflammatory diseases (eg, allergy), providing a strong case for the involvement of helminth infections in this respect. However, some studies point in the opposite ...