Kidney length is the most useful parameter for clinical measurement of kidney size, and is useful to distinguish acute kidney injury from chronic kidney disease. In this prospective observational study of 437 normal children aged between 0 and < 13 years, kidney length was measured using sonography. There were good correlations between kidney length and somatic values, including age, weight, he...

This study examined the effect on gait of degrading visual input by simulation on a course with obstacles. Thirty healthy, young adult males walked on a 6 m path with three obstacles (height: 5, 10, 20 cm, width: 10 cm) set at intervals of 150 cm with and without degraded visual input from light-scattering goggles. Gait was examined with respect to time, length, angle and walk speed parameters....

OBJECTIVES To study trends in height of Turkish and Moroccan immigrant children living in The Netherlands, to investigate the association between height and background characteristics in these children, and to calculate height-for-age-references data for these groups. DESIGN Nationwide cross-sectional data collection from children aged 0 to 18 years by trained professionals in 1997 and 2009. ...

AIM To compare an ultrasonic height measuring device (Gulliver) with mechanical stadiometry and the classical "book and tape measure" method. METHODS Blinded duplicate measurements of height were made on each of 14 children by a pair of observers using a stadiometer (H) and Gulliver (G). Height was measured on a further 18 children by parents and an auxologist using Gulliver and the book and ...

This study recruited seven height-matched healthy males to examine their maximum isometric lifting strengths across 13 exertion heights, ranging from 25 cm to 133 cm in increment of 9 cm. The results showed a nonlinear (increasing-decreasing-increasing) strength-height relationship for all subjects. The subjects' lifting strength was strongest (mean 1253.2 N) at the exertion height of 61 cm and...

Introduction: The diurnal variations in stature significantly affect the reliability of height data. Diurnal variation in stature affects the reliability of any data that involves height measurement without a correction factor at different times of the day. The aim of the study was to determine the diurnal height loss of adults aged ≥ thirty years in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. Materials...

GH therapy has been applied to patients with Turner syndrome for over a decade, but small sample size, delayed initiation of therapy into adolescent age and comparison with historical control subjects limit the usefulness of these studies for appraisal of the effect of GH on final adult height. We report 49 young women with Turner syndrome who completed a clinical trial in an open, non-randomiz...

We observed that teneral adults (<1 h post-molt) of Cimex lectularius L. appeared more adept at climbing a smooth surface compared to sclerotized adults. Differences in climbing ability on a smooth surface based on sclerotization status were quantified by measuring the height to which bed bugs climbed when confined within a glass vial. The average maximum height climbed by teneral (T) bed bugs ...

Chair-seat height affects the burden on the lower-limbs during sit-to-stand (STS) movement. Previous studies used the same height chair, attaching importance to practicability, but the difference in each subject's lower thigh length may relate to the burden on the lower-limbs. This study aimed to examine the influence of different lower thigh lengths on floor reaction force and lower-limb stren...

Udder and teat morphology measurements were taken at approximately 7.5 hr after the a.m. milking for 131 East Friesian (EF) crossbred ewes at an average of 71 d in lactation. Additionally, milking time was recorded for each ewe during two evening and morning milkings. Average daily milk production, milking time, percentage of milk fat, percentage of milk protein, and somatic cell count were 2 L...