hile hedge funds have been around since at least the 1940s, it has been only in the last decade or so that they have attracted widespread attention. Investors—mainly well understood by their own investors, much less by their bankers and derivatives counterparties. LTCM had managed to build up so much leverage both onand off-balance sheet that when their investments soured they were unable to me...

We consider the factorization problem of regular hedge languages. This problem is strongly related to the type checking problem in rule based transformations of valid XML documents. We propose the representation of regular hedge languages by reduced, complete, and deterministic linear hedge automata, and indicate algorithms for the computation of right factors and factor matrix.

We present a high-frequency based method for analyzing a one-period futures hedging problem. The realized hedge ratio is constructed by applying the realized regression with the R-squared coefficient as an ex-post performance measure. The asymptotic theory enables us to assess the parameter estimation risk of the hedge ratios. An empirical study is conducted on the S&P 500 index and their hedgi...

Based on survey evidence from Germany and Switzerland we analyse the application of hedge accounting according to IAS 39 and its influence on the hedging behaviour of nonfinancial corporations. We find that about two thirds of the companies apply hedge accounting. Larger companies and companies that frequently use derivatives for hedging purposes are more likely to apply hedge accounting. The l...

We use a case study of a pension plan wishing to hedge the longevity risk in its pension liabilities at a future date. The plan has the choice of using either a customised hedge or an index hedge, with the degree of hedge effectiveness being closely related to the correlation between the value of the hedge and the value of the pension liability. The key contribution of this paper is to show how...

We initiate the study of hedge connectivity of undirected graphs, motivated by dependent edge failures in real-world networks. In this model, edges are partitioned into groups called hedges that fail together. The hedge connectivity of a graph is the minimum number of hedges whose removal disconnects the graph. We give a polynomial-time approximation scheme and a quasi-polynomial exact algorith...

We analyze hedge fund performance using the stochastic discount factor (SDF) approach and imposing the arbitrage-free requirement to correctly value the derivatives and dynamic trading strategies used by hedge funds. Using SDFs of many asset-pricing models, we evaluate hedge fund portfolios based on style and characteristics. Without the arbitrage-free requirement, pricing errors are relatively...