From the thermo-hygrometrical perspective, some ship compartments are undoubtedly considered severe hot environments due to high temperature values, such as the engine room and, depending on external conditions, cargo holds and storage areas. Such peculiarity further increases already high stress levels related to awkward work postures, lack of space and appropriate lifting tools, noise, vibrat...

Background All indices of systolic myocardial performance, including CMR strain, reflect the interplay between contractile state and loading conditions. However, CMR strains have been used largely in descriptive fashion, without consideration of physiologic determinants. We have previously demonstrated the role of increased afterload as a determinant of CMR strain using feature tracking (FT) in...

No single heat stress index has gained universal acceptance within the past 20 years, despite extensive research. It is currently difficult to directly and quantitatively compare the many rational and empirical indices that are available, which results in confusion and a reluctance to change to a different index. A method is developed using the concept of limiting metabolic rate, which allows v...

Volume loading normalizes tolerance to a simulated hemorrhagic challenge in heat-stressed individuals, relative to when these individuals are thermoneutral. The mechanism(s) by which this occurs is unknown. This project tested two unique hypotheses; that is, the elevation of central blood volume via volume loading while heat stressed would 1) increase indices of left ventricular diastolic funct...

BACKGROUND Heat stress as a physical harmful agent can increase the risk of health and safety problems in different workplaces such as mining. Although there are different indices to assess the heat stress imposed on workers, choosing the best index for a specific workplace is so important. Since various criteria affect an index applicability, extracting the most effective ones and determining ...

Short- and long-term exposure to mild stress conditions can activate stress adaptation mechanisms in pathogens, resulting in a protective effect toward otherwise lethal stresses. The mesophilic strains Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579 and ATCC 10987 and the psychrotolerant strain B. weihenstephanensis KBAB4 were cultured at 12 degrees C and 30 degrees C until the exponential growth phase (i) in the a...

In spite of increased environmental cold stress, heat strain is possible also in a cold environment. The body heat balance depends on three factors: environmental thermal conditions, metabolic heat production and thermal insulation of clothing and other protective garments. As physical exercise may increase metabolic heat production from rest values by ten times or even more, the required therm...