Release of glutamate during inflammation and injury changes sensitivity and transmission efficiency of noxious sensory information via glutamate receptors. We found that activation of metabotropic glutamate receptor type 5 (mGluR5) transiently increased, and then subsequently decreased, noxious heat sensitivity. Similarly, mGluR5 activation in cultured sensory neurons potentiated intracellular ...

In the floriculture industry, the need for heat tolerant bedding plant cultivars is increasing because of the rising temperature around the world. A pot experiment was carried out to examine the impacts of four heat stress durations (0, 7, 14 and 21 days) on growth and ornamental traits to determine the relative heat tolerance of four cultivars of calendula (Calendula officinalis). Growth and d...

Visual acuity, phoria, stereopsis, and contrast sensitivity were assessed over 6 h of continued exposure to combinations of atropine (2 mg) and 2-PAM chloride (600 mg), severe heat/humidity (95 degrees F (35 degrees C); 60% RH), and wearing either the U.S. Army battle dress uniform (BDU) or the BDU and the impermeable chemical protective clothing (MOPP-IV). Subjects were able to complete all 6 ...

This paper presents the heat transfer coefficients and the pressure drop measured during HC-600a (Isobutane) condensation inside a brazed plate heat exchanger: the effects of saturation temperature, refrigerant mass flux and vapour super-heating are investigated. The heat transfer coefficients show weak sensitivity to saturation temperature and great sensitivity to refrigerant mass flux. At low...

conclusions the results suggest that the msfc could be used as a simple tool to detect the negative effects of heat in patients with ms. results in the ms group the average msfc scores were -0.48 (sd 0.79) at baseline, -0.99 (sd 1.97) during heat exposure and -0.68 (sd 1.58) after a one-hour delay. the average msfc scores of the hc group were 0.58 (sd 0.42) at baseline, 0.66 (sd 0.43) during he...

We identified four mutations in two previously undescribed loci involved in microtubule function in Aspergillus nidulans as extragenic suppressors of benA33, a heat-sensitive beta-tubulin mutation. Three of the four mutations map to a locus closely linked to riboB on linkage group VIII; we designated this locus mipA (for microtubule-interacting protein). We were not able to map the remaining su...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Exposure to higher-than-optimal temperatures reduces crop yield and quality, mainly due to sensitivity of developing pollen grains. The mechanisms maintaining high pollen quality under heat-stress conditions are poorly understood. Our recently published data indicate high heat-stress-induced expression of ethylene-responsive genes in tomato pollen, indicating ethylene involv...

Several transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels are activated with high sensitivity by either cold or hot temperatures. However, structures and mechanism that determine temperature directionality (cold versus heat) are not established. Here we screened 12,000 random mutant clones of the cold-activated mouse TRPA1 ion channel with a heat stimulus. We identified three single-point mutatio...