reaction to fire of fire-retarded rigid pur foams and two types of metal faced rigid polyurethane foam core sandwich panel was evaluated by using cone calorimeter test method. the tests were carried out in various radiative heat fluxes from 15 to 75 kw/m2. the radiation rate effect on reaction to fire parameters, including time to ignition (tti), peak of heat release rate (prhr), total heat rel...

Internal radiation was investigated using the finite volume method for the heat exchanger method (HEM) growth of oxide crystals. Special attention was devoted to the temperature and thermal stress distributions in the bottom region of the grown crystal at the end of the solidification process. The numerical results show that internal radiation strongly strengthens heat transport through the cry...

Heat is transferred by radiation between two well-separated bodies at temperatures of finite difference in vacuum. At large distances the heat transfer can be described by black body radiation, at shorter distances evanescent modes start to contribute, and at separations comparable to inter-atomic spacing the transition to heat conduction should take place. We report on quantitative measurement...

The heat transferred through protective clothing under long wave radiation compared to a reference condition without radiant stress was determined in thermal manikin experiments. The influence of clothing insulation and reflectivity, and the interaction with wind and wet underclothing were considered. Garments with different outer materials and colours and additionally an aluminised reflective ...

Passive heat transfer from enclosures with rectangular fins is studied both experimentally and theoretically. Several sample enclosures with various lengths are prepared and tested. To calibrate the thermal measurements and the analyses, enclosures without fins (“bare” enclosures) are also prepared and tested. Surface temperature distribution is determined for various enclosure lengths and heat...

Within the scope of the European research initiative THERMPROTECT numerous thermal manikin experiments were performed on the transfer of heat through personal protective clothing (PPC) under far infrared radiation (FIR) stress. The influence of the reflectivity and insulation of the clothing, the radiated body surface area, and the interaction with convection and wet underwear were considered. ...

Many small mammals bask in the sun during rewarming from heterothermy, but the implications of this behaviour for their energy balance remain little understood. Specifically, it remains unclear whether solar radiation supplements endogenous metabolic thermogenesis (i.e., rewarming occurs through the additive effects of internally-produced and external heat), or whether solar radiation reduces t...

this paper presents an exact analytical solution for two-dimensional conductive heat transfer in spherical composite pressure vessels .the vessels are in spherical shape and fibers are winded in circumferential direction. the analytical solution is obtained under the general boundary conditions which consist of convection, conduction and radiation inside/outside of vessel. the heat transfer equ...

Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures ◭ ◮ ◭ ◮ Back Close Full Screen / Esc Papers published in Ocean Science Discussions are under open-access review for the journal Ocean Science Abstract Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures ◭ ◮ ◭ ◮ Back Close Full Screen / Esc Printer-friendly Version Interactive Discussion EGU Abstract Radiation is of fundamental importance to clim...