Speakers routinely provide cues in their utterances about their intended meaning that a listener must retrieve using inferential processes that go beyond pure lexical semantics and semantic composition. A classic example of this speaker-hearer meaning negotiation comes from conversational implicatures (Grice 1975). To take two well-known cases, if a speaker delivers the utterance in (1a) with t...

This paper presents a novel analysis of two central uses – Davis’ (2011) “guide to action” and “correction” uses – of the Japanese discourse particle yo occurring in declarative clauses. Yo with a rising contour instructs to update the modal base for priority modality relativized to the hearer, thereby indicating that the propositional content is relevant to what the hearer should and may do. Y...

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BACKGROUND Improving and sustaining quality in healthcare continues to be a global challenge, resulting in the necessity of developing quality improvement (QI) skills and knowledge to use in practice. This paper reports student nurses' experiences of conducting a quality improvement project (Practicum) as a compulsory assessment whilst on clinical placement areas across Scotland. METHODS Tele...

Two contrasting types of moral exemplars were examined so as to identify personality variables associated with moral action. The sample comprised 50 Canadian awardees for either exceptional bravery or caring, as well as 50 comparison participants. Participants responded to a set of personality questionnaires and a life-review interview. Personality variables were found to substantially augment ...