abstract this study evaluates the iranian pre-university english textbook in terms of needs, objectives, content, and methodology. the study was designed on the qualitative- quantitative survey basis using interviews and questionnaires, a researcher-made textbook evaluation checklist and a needs analysis questionnaire. the textbook evaluation questionnaire was used in this study to elicit the ...

the present study sought to investigate the impact of using mind-mapping technique instruction on female elementary efl learners reading comprehension; it also investigated their attitudes towards using mind-mapping technique as a tool to improve their reading comprehension. this study followed a quasi-experimental design with two intact groups as experimental, and control groups. the participa...

this study investigated the effects of planning on second-language written production with regard to task type. the participants were 75 iranian learners of english as a foreign language attending a private foreign language institution. they were asked to complete two different types of writing tasks (expository writing task and argumentative writing task) in different planned conditions (indiv...

the present research was conducted to accomplish two purposes. firstly, it aimed to explore and describe schematic structure or what halliday and hassan (1989, p.64) have called “generic structure potential” (gsp) of american english, iranian persian and iranian english newspaper editorials within systemic functional linguistics. secondly, a quantitative cross-comparison was made to investigate...

any change in the refractive index of a laser active medium can lead to serious degradation of beam quality, laser beam modes, laser performance and variation in the intensity distribution. alteration in the refractive index of laser active medium is especially notable in high power lasers. it is clear that in the laser beam production, the pumping agent induces a great amount of heat which...

از فرآیند گرمای القائی در تکنولوژی و صنعت در موارد زیادی مانند جوش فلزات، بازپخت، متالورژی ]1[ رشد بلور ]4-2[، و ... استفاده می شود. در این روش ماده فلزی مورد نظر (قطعه کار مانند بوته)، داخل یک پیچه ی القائی قرار می گیرد. سپس با ایجاد یک جریان الکتریکی متناوب فرکانس بالا درپیچه (جریان رانشی)، میدان های الکتریکی و مغناطیسی متناوبی در اطراف پیچه ایجاد می شوند. با نفوذ این میدان ها در ماده فلزی مو...

چکیده اساسی ترین منبع استراتژیک هر سازمان یا جامعه،منابع انسانی می باشد.جوامع موفق،جوامعی هستند که بتوانند منابع انسانی خود را به طور صحیح پرورش و توسعه دهند. در اقتصاد امروز، دانش به عنوان مهمترین سرمایه، جایگزین سرمایه مالی و فیزیکی شده است . دانش و اطلاعات به رشد اقتصادی کمک می کند.این امر موجب افزایش اهمیّت سرمایه فکری به عنوان مقوله ای پژوهشی شده است. مدیریت منابع انسانی یعنی مدیریت و ادار...

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chapter i provides an overview of structural linguistics and touches upon the saussurean dichotomies with the final goal of exploring their relevance to the stylistic studies of literature. to provide evidence for the singificance of the study, chapter ii deals with the controversial issue of linguistics and literature, and presents opposing views which, at the same time, have been central to t...