Headaches presented with unusual manner like cough, exertion, and sex, poses a diagnostic challenge in the emergency room or primary care provider's office. The majority of these patients have no underlying intracranial pathologic condition and have a good prognosis. Since the pathophysiology is poorly understood, treatment choices are limited. Further research is needed to elucidate the pathop...

The syndrome of low-pressure CSF headaches was first recognized following diagnostic lumbar puncture. In the 1940s and 50s, Woltman in the United States ( [1] ) and Schaltenbrand in Germany ( [2] ) described "spontaneous" posture-related low-pressure headaches that did not develop after lumbar puncture. In spontaneous CSF leaks, there is sometimes a history of strenuous activity or tr...

Headaches are common in children and teenagers. By 7 years of age, 40% of children have had headaches, with 2.5% having frequent nonmigraine types and 1.4% having migraine (1). By 15 years of age, 75% have had headaches: 15.7% with frequent tension type, 5.3% with migraines, and 54% with infrequent nonmigraine headaches. The evaluation of the child with headaches is similar to the basic approac...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW This article identifies the pertinent historical issues that lead to the identification of those headaches needing additional testing to exclude a serious underlying cause. RECENT FINDINGS Recurrences of giant cell arteritis, even after presumed successful treatment, are common. Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome is an often unrecognized cause of headache. SUMMARY P...