HBV vaccination is recommend for hemodialysis patients, but only 50–60% of the patients show seroconversion. vaccine-induced generation reactive T and B cells could be detected regardless their capacity to mount a serological response, indicating that without seroconversion are potentially protected by HBV-reactive cell pool.

BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is an endemic infection in Nigeria. Health care workers (HCWs) are at risk of occupational exposures to HBV-infected blood and body fluids. OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence and determinants of HBV vaccine coverage among HCWs in two teaching hospitals in Nigeria. METHODS This cross-sectional study was undertaken in 2011 and 2012 in two teachi...

Data on hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine–induced cell-mediated immunity (CMI) and humoral immune response during infancy is scarce. We assessed HBV vaccine–induced CMI among infants stratified as nonresponders (Ab against HBV surface Ag [anti-HBs] levels ,10 IU/l), low-responders (anti-HBs levels 10–100 IU/l), and high-responders (anti-HBs levels $100 IU/l) following their primary vaccination ag...

BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major global health burden with distinct geographic public health significance. Oman is a country with intermediate HBV carrier prevalence; however, little is known about the incidence of HBV variants in circulation. We investigated the HBV genotype distribution, the occurrence of antiviral resistance, and HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) escape muta...

BACKGROUND Various strategies have been applied to improve the response to hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination in hemodialysis patients. OBJECTIVES The present study was under taken to compare the seroconversion rate of hemodialysis patients who had not respond to 3 intramuscular (IM) doses (40 μg each) of HBV vaccine , after a fourth IM dose (40 μg) of HBV vaccine that was administered alone...

BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the most contagious blood borne pathogen. The risk of occupational exposure to HBV among health care workers is a major concern, especially medical trainees. In this study we describe the knowledge of risk factors for HBV infection, history of accidental exposure to blood, awareness of HBV vaccine and the vaccination status among medical students in Cameroo...

In The Gambia, West Africa, the prevalence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in adults exceeds eight percent and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been the most frequent type of malignancy. Two population-based intervention studies to control HBV infection, namely, GHIS (Gambia Hepatitis Intervention Study) and PROLIFICA (Prevention of Liver Fibrosis and Cancer in Africa), are discu...

BACKGROUND Virus-specific cellular immune responses play a critical role in virus clearance during acute or chronic HBV infection. Currently, the commercially available HBV vaccine is combined with alum adjuvant, which stimulates mainly Th2 immune responses. Therefore, development of new therapeutic HBV vaccine adjuvants and immune strategies that also promote Th1 and CTL responses is urgently ...

background: hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection is an endemic infection in nigeria. health care workers (hcws) are at risk of occupational exposures to hbv-infected blood and body fluids. objective: to determine the prevalence and determinants of hbv vaccine coverage among hcws in two teaching hospitals in nigeria. methods: this cross-sectional study was undertaken in 2011 and 2012 in two teachin...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of a recombinant hepatitis B vaccine used in endemic areas of Colombia, as well as risk factors associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and carriage after vaccine introduction. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out in urban and rural areas of the Colombian Amazon, a highly endemic area for hepatitis B infection. Children under 12 yea...